Protein Structure and Function

What is the primary structure of a protein?

• The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain

• The overall three-dimensional shape of the protein

• The local folded structures within a polypeptide

• The assembly of multiple polypeptide chains

Which type of bond is primarily responsible for maintaining the secondary structure of proteins?

• Disulfide bonds

• Covalent bonds

• Hydrogen bonds

• Ionic bonds

What happens to proteins when they are denatured?

• They gain additional functionality

• They increase in molecular weight

• They lose their three-dimensional structure

• They become more soluble in water

What is the tertiary structure of a protein primarily determined by?

• Interactions between R groups of amino acids

• The sequence of amino acids

• Hydrogen bonding in the backbone

• The number of polypeptide chains

What is the role of chaperone proteins?

• To assist in protein synthesis

• To degrade misfolded proteins

• To help proteins fold correctly

• To transport proteins across membranes

What type of structure do α helices and β pleated sheets represent?

• Quaternary structure

• Tertiary structure

• Secondary structure

• Primary structure

What type of bond is a disulfide bond?

• Hydrogen bond

• Van der Waals bond

• Ionic bond

• Covalent bond

Which of the following statements about protein folding is true?

• All proteins fold spontaneously without assistance

• Denatured proteins always refold into their original shape

• Chaperonins are not involved in protein folding

• Proteins can fold into various structures for different functions

What is the role of hydrophobic interactions in protein structure?

• They are responsible for the formation of disulfide bonds

• They stabilize the primary structure

• They help maintain the secondary structure

• They cause nonpolar amino acids to cluster inside the protein

What is the total number of amino acids in a typical hemoglobin molecule?

• 150

• 300

• 600

• 1200