Punnett Squares

Front

What is a Punnett Square?

Back

A Punnett Square is a diagram used to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from two parents.

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What does it mean if a trait is dominant?

Back

A dominant trait is one that will appear in the offspring if at least one parent contributes the dominant allele.

Front

What does it mean if a trait is recessive?

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A recessive trait will only appear in the offspring if both parents contribute the recessive allele.

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What is a genotype?

Back

A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the alleles it possesses.

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What is a phenotype?

Back

A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

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What is a heterozygous genotype?

Back

A heterozygous genotype has two different alleles for a trait, such as Yy.

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What is a homozygous genotype?

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A homozygous genotype has two identical alleles for a trait, such as YY or yy.

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What is the genotypic ratio?

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The genotypic ratio is the ratio of different genotypes produced in offspring from a genetic cross.

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What is the phenotypic ratio?

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The phenotypic ratio is the ratio of different phenotypes produced in offspring from a genetic cross.

Front

How do you determine the probability of an offspring's trait using a Punnett Square?

Back

You count the number of times a specific genotype or phenotype appears in the Punnett Square and divide by the total number of outcomes.