EOG benchmark Review Part 1.

1. 1. The diagram shows a rock outcrop with five layers labeled

2. A-E.

Which statements are correct?

• Statements 1 and 4

• Statements 2 and 3

• Statements 3 and 5

• Statements 4 and 5

Answer explanation

Statements 1 and 4 are correct as they accurately describe the geological features and relationships of the layers A-E in the rock outcrop. The other statements do not align with the observed data.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

The melting points of two unknown solids, X and Y, are measured.

Sample X melts consistently at 113.7℃, while sample Y melts over a range of 105-107℃.

Are samples X and Y mixtures or pure substances?

• • Sample X is a mixture, and sample Y is a pure substance.

• • Sample X is a pure substance, and sample Y is a mixture.

• Both samples X and Y are Pure Substance

• Both samples X and Y are Mixture

Answer explanation

Sample X has a consistent melting point, indicating it is a pure substance. In contrast, sample Y melts over a range, suggesting it is a mixture. Therefore, the correct choice is that sample X is a pure substance, and sample Y is a mixture.

A group of students performs a series of activities at five different workstations.

Which workstations have activities that involve a chemical reaction?

• • 
    

    Workstations 1 and 3

• • 
    

    Workstations 2 and 5

• • Workstations 3 and 4

• • Workstations 4 and 5

Answer explanation

Workstations 2 and 5 involve activities that result in chemical reactions, such as mixing substances that produce new compounds, while the other workstations do not.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-5

A teacher shows an atomic model of beryllium to a science class. The black particles are the opposite charge to the white particles. Which statement describes the interactions among the particles of beryllium?

• The white particles are positive, the black particles are negative, and the gray particles are neutral.

• The black particles are positive, the white particles are negative, and the gray particles are neutral.

• The white particles are positive, and the black and gray particles are both negative.

• The black particles are positive, and the white and gray particles are both negative.

Answer explanation

In beryllium, the white particles represent protons (positive), the black particles represent electrons (negative), and the gray particles are neutrons (neutral). Thus, the correct statement is that the white particles are positive, the black particles are negative, and the gray particles are neutral.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-5

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

Based on the Atomic Diagram of a Beryllium, Label the parts of the atomic model.

• Black particle-Electron

  Gray particle- Neutron

  White particle-Proton

• Black particle-Proton

  Gray particle- Neutron

  White particle-Electron

• Black particle-Neutron

  Gray particle- Proton

  White particle-Electron

Answer explanation

In the atomic model of Beryllium, the black particle represents the electron, the gray particle is the neutron, and the white particle is the proton. This labeling correctly identifies the fundamental components of the atom.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

6. 6. Students place a glass flask on a desk. The students mix vinegar, a clear liquid, and baking soda, a white powder, in the glass flask. The flask becomes colder, and bubbles form. The bubbles flow out of the flask. A clear liquid remains on the desk and in the flask after bubbles stop forming.

Which observations indicate that a chemical reaction occurs?

• The flask overflows and clear liquid spills onto the desk.

• 
  The substances mix together and a clear liquid remains in the flask.

• Bubbles form in the flask as the substances mix together.

• The liquids in the flask and on the desk are both clear.

Answer explanation

Bubbles forming in the flask indicate a chemical reaction, as this is a sign of gas being produced. The other observations do not specifically indicate a chemical change.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

The diagram shows rock strata with layers labeled A-D, and the table describes the composition of the layers.

Which layer provides evidence of a volcanic eruption?

• Layer A

• Layer B

• Layer C

• Layer D

Answer explanation

Layer D provides evidence of a volcanic eruption, as it typically contains volcanic ash or lava deposits, which are indicative of such geological events. The other layers do not show these characteristics.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

The diagram shows a cross section of rocks.

Which rock layer is the youngest?

• Layer A

• Layer B

• Layer C

• Layer D

Answer explanation

In geological layers, the youngest rock is typically found at the top. Since Layer D is positioned above Layers A, B, and C, it is the youngest layer in the cross section.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

The model represents the reactants of a chemical reaction.

How can the model be completed to show a chemical reaction?

• The atoms can get smaller to show a release of energy.

• The atoms can get bigger to show an increase in energy.

• The atoms can rearrange to show different substances as products.

• The atoms can stay the same to show atomic stability.

Answer explanation

In a chemical reaction, atoms rearrange to form new substances, which is represented by the products. This choice accurately depicts the transformation that occurs during a reaction.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-5

A student makes observations of a sample of an unknown element. The table contains a partial periodic table with labeled group numbers and the student’s observations.

The element is most likely part of which group?

• Group 1

• Group 13

• Group 14

• Group 18

Answer explanation

The element is most likely part of Group 1, as it typically exhibits properties of alkali metals, such as high reactivity and the ability to form strong bases. The observations likely align with these characteristics.