Triglycerides and Energy

(a) Label the diagram of a triglyceride molecule below. ○ Draw or identify the three key components: glycerol backbone, fatty acid chains, ester bonds.

(b) Fill in the blanks: A triglyceride molecule consists of one ________ molecule bonded to three ________ through ________ bonds formed via a process called ________. Each fatty acid can be ________ or ________, depending on the presence or absence of double bonds.

• glycerol

• saturated

• fatty acids

• ester

• esterification

(c) How does the structure of triglycerides make them efficient energy storage molecules? ○ Circle the correct answer: ■ A) They are water-soluble. ■ B) They are large, compact, and store more energy per gram than carbohydrates. ■ C) They are quick to metabolize compared to proteins.

• They are water-soluble.

• They are large, compact, and store more energy per gram than carbohydrates.

• They are quick to metabolize compared to proteins.

(a) In your own words, explain how triglycerides are broken down to release energy in the body. Include the terms "lipase enzyme," "glycerol," "fatty acids," and "ATP."

(a) Explain how an excess intake of triglycerides in the diet can lead to obesity.

(b) True or False: ● Triglycerides are stored in adipose tissue. ○ True/False ● A sedentary lifestyle can increase triglyceride storage in the body. ○ True/False

• True

• False

(a) What are two health risks associated with excessive triglyceride storage in the body?

(5) Based on what you’ve learned, suggest two lifestyle changes that can help reduce triglyceride levels and lower the risk of obesity.