Digestive System Terminology

Absorption

• Simple molecules passing through cell membranes of the lining in the small intestine into the blood

• Organic catalyst substances that speed up the digestive process

• Involuntary muscular contractions that create wave-like movements to move canal contents

• Process of grasping feed with lips, tongue, and or teeth

Amino Acids

• Process of simple molecules passing through cell membranes of the lining of the small intestine into the blood

• Small mass of feed once swallowed in animals

• the building blocks of protein that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, and they are essential for growth and maintenance of cells

• forcing feed back up the esophagus to be chewed further to increase digestibility of roughages

Bolus

• small finger-like projections in the intestinal wall that increase the surface area and aid in digestive absorption

• small mass of feed once swallowed in animals

• process of grasping feed with lips, tongue, and/or teeth

• partially digested feed that is acidic, semifluid, gray, and pulpy that is produced in the stomach and sent to the small intestine

Chyme

• the building blocks of protein that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, and they are essential for growth and maintenance of cells

• small mass of feed once swallowed in animals

• liquid that contains water, mucus, hydrochloric acid, and digestive enzymes that are secreted by glands

• partially digested feed that is acidic, semifluid, gray, and pulpy that is produced in the stomach and sent to the small intestine

Enzymes

• organic catalyst substances that speed up the digestive process

• liquid that contains water, mucus, hydrochloric acid, and digestive enzymes that are secreted by glands

• single-celled organisms that are found in the rumen and reticulum and aid in digestion

• small mass of feed once swallowed in animals

Gastric Juice

• partially digested feed that is acidic, semifluid, gray, and pulpy that is produced in the stomach and sent to the small intestine

• organic catalyst substances that speed up the digestive process

• liquid that contains water, mucus, hydrochloric acid, and digestive enzymes that are secreted by glands

• involuntary muscular contractions that create wavelike movements to move canal contents

Microbes

• involuntary muscular contractions that create wavelike movements to move canal contents

• single-celled organisms that are found in the rumen and reticulum and aid in digestion

• small finger-like projections in the intestinal wall that increase the surface area and aid in digestive absorption

• the building blocks of protein that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, and they are essential for growth and maintenance of cells

Peristalsis

• process of simple molecules passing through cell membranes of the lining in the small intestine into the blood

• liquid that contains water, mucus, hydrochloric acid, and digestive enzymes that are secreted by glands

• process of grasping feed with lips, tongue, and/or teeth

• involuntary muscular contractions that create wavelike movements to move canal contents

Prehension

• small finger-like projections in the intestinal wall that increase the surface area and aid in digestive absorption

• the building blocks of protein that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, and they are essential for growth and maintenance of cells

• process of grasping feed with lips, tongue, and/or teeth

• liquid that contains water, mucus, hydrochloric acid, and digestive enzymes that are secreted by glands

Rumination

• process of forcing feed back up the esophagus to be chewed further to increase digestibility of roughages; occurs only in ruminant animals; also known as “chewing the cud”

• partially digested feed that is acidic, semifluid, gray, and pulpy that is produced in the stomach and sent to the small intestine

• involuntary muscular contractions that create wavelike movements to move canal contents

• process of simple molecules passing through cell membranes of the lining in the small intestine into the blood