Quiz about Physical Science Test 5

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT true regarding chemical bonds?

Accepted Answer

Chemical bonds form compounds that are less stable than the individual atoms involved.

Answer

Chemical bonds can form when atoms gain or lose electrons.

Answer

Chemical bonds can form when atoms share electrons.

Answer

Chemical bonds can form when electrostatic attractions hold atoms together.

Question 2

The octet rule states that atoms are generally most stable when ?????????

Accepted Answer

they have eight electrons in their valence energy level.

Answer

they lose all their valence electrons.

Answer

they combine with other elements to form compounds.

Answer

eight atoms form ring-shaped molecules.

Question 3

Most atoms are unstable when they are not bonded to other atoms, true or false?

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 4

Molecules form only when different elements bond together, true or false?

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 5

The properties of water are different from the properties of hydrogen and oxygen because ??????????

Accepted Answer

chemical bonding changes the properties.

Answer

water is a pure nonreactive element.

Answer

they consist of different elements.

Answer

hydrogen and oxygen are a gas, and water cannot be a gas.

Question 6

An exception to the octet rule is ????????

Accepted Answer

hydrogen

Answer

helium

Answer

lithium, beryllium, or boron

Answer

all of these.

Question 7

The properties of sodium chloride (table salt) are different from the properties of sodium and chlorine because ??????????

Accepted Answer

chemical bonding changes the properties.

Answer

sodium chloride is a pure nonreactive element.

Answer

they consist of different elements.

Answer

sodium is a metal and chlorine is a gas, but sodium chloride is a salt crystal.

Question 8

Covalent bonding forms ??????????? , while ionic bonding forms ??????????.

Accepted Answer

molecules; crystals

Answer

single bonds; double or triple bonds

Answer

polar molecules; nonpolar molecules

Answer

diatomic molecules; Lewis structures

Question 9

Bonds most often formed between nonmetals are ?????????

Accepted Answer

covalent

Answer

ionic

Answer

metallic

Question 10

Bonds resulting from two atoms sharing electrons are ????????

Accepted Answer

covalent

Answer

ionic

Answer

metallic

Question 11

Bonds between oppositely charge ions are ?????????

Accepted Answer

ionic

Answer

covalent

Answer

metallic

Question 12

Bonds between atoms with very different electronegativities are ??????????

Accepted Answer

ionic

Answer

covalent

Answer

metallic

Question 13

Bonds between elements such as transition metals with similar low electronegativities are ??????????

Accepted Answer

metallic

Answer

covalent

Answer

ionic

Question 14

Bonds resulting in a sea of shared electrons are ??????????

Accepted Answer

metallic

Answer

covalent

Answer

ionic

Question 15

Molecules made of exactly two atoms are called ????????? molecules.

Accepted Answer

diatomic

Answer

biatomic

Answer

monoatomic

Answer

polyatomic

Question 16

For a covalent bond, a dash is normally drawn between the two atoms, but in a Lewis structure of this molecule, the dash is replaced by ??????

Accepted Answer

2 dots

Answer

1 dot

Answer

3 dots

Answer

4 dots

Question 17

How many total electrons are being shared in the ammonia (NH₃) molecule?

Accepted Answer

6

Answer

2

Answer

3

Answer

4

Answer

5

Question 18

Each of the atoms represented in the Lewis structure of ammonia (NH₃) have their outer energy level at full capacity because ?????????

Accepted Answer

Both of these are true.

Answer

As a result of sharing electrons, each of the hydrogen atoms has two electrons in the first energy level.

Answer

As a result of sharing electrons, the nitrogen has eight electrons in its outer (second) energy level.

Answer

Neither of these are true.

Question 19

Why does diatomic nitrogen form triple bonds?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen needs three additional electrons to complete its octet.

Answer

Nitrogen is part of the Hydrogen Seven.

Answer

Nitrogen has a high electronegativity.

Answer

Diatomic nitrogen is a polar molecule.

Question 20

Only one covalent bond can exist between two atoms,true or false?

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 21

In carbon dioxide, explain why carbon and oxygen form double bonds.

Accepted Answer

All of these.

Answer

Each oxygen atom has 6 valence electrons and needs 2 more to complete its octet.

Answer

The carbon atom has 4 valence electrons and needs 4 more to complete its octet.

Answer

In order for each oxygen to gain two electrons and the carbon to gain 4 electrons, the carbon must share 2 pairs of electrons with each oxygen by forming double bonds.

Question 22

Electrons shared in covalent bonds are not necessarily equally shared,true or false?

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 23

Unequal distribution of electric charge is called ??????????

Accepted Answer

polarity

Answer

diatomic

Answer

polyatomic

Question 24

Hydrogen has an electronegativity of 2.2, and nitrogen has an electronegativity of 3.04, so the ammonia molecule (NH₃) is polar because ????????

Accepted Answer

All of these.

Answer

Due to nitrogen's higher electronegativity, the nitrogen atom will have a stronger pull on its electrons than each hydrogen will.

Answer

The unequal sharing will cause a region of excess negative charge to form on the nitrogen end.

Answer

The unequal sharing will cause a region of positive charge to form on the hydrogen end.

Question 25

The electronegativity of phosphorous is 2.2.  Explain why diphosphorous is a polar or nonpolar molecule.

Accepted Answer

Diphosphorous is a nonpolar molecule since both phosphorous atoms have the same electronegativity.

Answer

Diphosphorous is a polar molecule since both phosphorous atoms have the same electronegativity.

Answer

Diphosphorous is a nonpolar molecule since there is only one phosphorous atoms.

Question 26

Which atom is most likely to take valence electrons in ionic bonding?

Accepted Answer

an atom with high electronegativity.

Answer

an atom with low electronegativity.

Answer

an atom found in polar molecules.

Answer

an atom found in diatomic molecules

Question 27

The correct Lewis structure for potassium fluoride is shown as ???????

Accepted Answer

K⁺ F^- with the F surrounded by 8 dots, 2 on all four sides

Answer

K - F

Answer

K = F

Answer

K²⁺F^- with the F surrounded by 8 dots, 2 on all four sides

Question 28

How many atoms are represented by the chemical formula CuSO₄?

Accepted Answer

6

Answer

3

Answer

4

Answer

7

Question 29

A superscript on a chemical formula indicates the number of atoms,true or false?

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 30

Refer to a periodic table.  Which of the following chemical formulas would most likely represent the ionic compound potassium nitride?

Accepted Answer

K3N

Answer

KN3

Answer

KN2

Answer

K2N

Question 31

Calcium bonds with chlorine to form calcium chloride.  Based on valence electrons of these atoms and the octet rule, what is the chemical formula?

Accepted Answer

CaCl2

Answer

CaCl

Answer

Ca2Cl

Answer

CaCl3

Question 32

What is the chemical formula for a compound containing cobalt and iodine if cobalt's oxidation state is +2?

Accepted Answer

CoI2

Answer

CoI

Answer

Co2I

Answer

CoI3

Question 33

Refer to a periodic table. What ratio of ammonium (NH₄⁺) to chlorine (Cl^-) ions would you expect to find in ammonium chloride?

Accepted Answer

1:1

Answer

1:2

Answer

1:4

Answer

4:1

Question 34

A group of covalently bonded atoms that together have a net charge is a ?????????????

Accepted Answer

polyatomic ion

Answer

diatomic molecule

Answer

polarity molecule

Question 35

For a compound containing the polyatomic ion carbonate (CO₃^2-) and sodium, explain how you can predict the chemical formula.

Accepted Answer

All of these.

Answer

Sodium is in group 1, giving it one electron to donate.  Therefore, ionized sodium will have a charge of 1+.

Answer

Since sodium's charge is 1+ and carbonate's charge is 2+, one carbonate anion balances the electrical charge of 2 sodium cations.

Answer

Thus the ratio of carbonate ions to sodium ions is 1:2.

Answer

The chemical formula is then Na₂CO₃.

Question 36

Metals can have only one oxidation state,true or false?

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 37

What is the name for the covalent compound SF₆?

Accepted Answer

sulfur hexafluoride

Answer

monosulfur hexafluoride

Answer

hexafluoride sulfate

Answer

fluoride hexasulfite

Question 38

What is the name of the covalent compound containing three atoms of oxygen and one atom of sulfur?

Accepted Answer

sulfur trioxide

Answer

trisulfur oxide

Answer

sulfur dioxide

Answer

disulfur trioxide

Question 39

Dangerous chemical compounds have no beneficial use,true or false?

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

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