Exploring Statistics Concepts

What is the mean of the following numbers: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10?

• 4

• 8

• 10

• 6

Define the term 'median' in statistics.

• The median is the sum of all values in a data set divided by the number of values.

• The median is the highest value in a data set.

• The median is the average of a data set.

• The median is the middle value of a data set.

What is the mode of the dataset: 1, 2, 2, 3, 4?

• 3

• 1

• 4

• 2

Explain the difference between population and sample.

• Population refers to a sample, while a sample is the entire group.

• Population is the entire group, and a sample is a smaller portion of that group.

• Population is a subset of a sample, not the other way around.

• A sample is always larger than the population.

What is a standard deviation and why is it important?

• Standard deviation measures the average of a dataset.

• Standard deviation is only relevant in statistical theory.

• Standard deviation is a fixed value that does not change with data.

• Standard deviation is a measure of data variability, important for understanding data distribution and assessing risk in fields like finance and research.

How do you calculate the range of a dataset?

• Range = Maximum value - Minimum value

• Range = Maximum value - Average value

• Range = Maximum value + Median value

• Range = Average value + Minimum value

What is a normal distribution?

• A normal distribution is a skewed distribution with no defined mean.

• A normal distribution is a symmetric probability distribution characterized by a bell-shaped curve, defined by its mean and standard deviation.

• A normal distribution is a uniform distribution with equal probabilities across all values.

• A normal distribution is a type of discrete distribution used for categorical data.

Define the term 'outlier' and give an example.

• An outlier is a data point that is exactly the same as others in a dataset. Example: All heights are 175 cm.

• An outlier is a data point that is significantly different from other data points in a dataset. Example: In the heights of a group of people, if most are between 150 cm and 200 cm, but one is 250 cm, the 250 cm height is an outlier.

• An outlier is a data point that is the average of a dataset. Example: The average height of a group is 180 cm.

• An outlier is a data point that is always the highest value in a dataset. Example: The highest height in a group is 200 cm.

What is the purpose of a histogram?

• To display the relationship between two variables.

• To visualize the distribution of numerical data.

• To summarize categorical data.

• To calculate the mean of a dataset.

Explain the concept of probability in statistics.

• Probability is the same as certainty.

• Probability is a measure of the likelihood of an event, ranging from 0 (impossible) to 1 (certain).

• Probability measures the average outcome of an event.

• Probability only applies to games of chance.