OOP MIDTERM EXAMINATION 24-25

What is the primary focus of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)?

• Manipulating functions and logic to achieve specific tasks

• Organizing software design around "objects" which encapsulate data and behavior

• Developing code that executes in a linear, step-by-step fashion

Which concept in OOP restricts access to certain parts of an object’s data?

• Inheritance

• Polymorphism

• Encapsulation

In OOP, what does the term 'method' refer to?

• A variable that holds data for an object

• A function defined inside a class that describes the behavior of an object

• The blueprint for creating objects

What is an object in the context of OOP?

• The blueprint used to create instances

• A specific instance of a class that contains data and methods

• A collection of variables with no associated behavior

How does inheritance benefit OOP design?

• It allows for code reuse and creates a hierarchy between classes

• It hides the internal state of objects

• It focuses on writing code sequentially

What is the purpose of attributes in a class?

• To define functions that can be performed on objects

• To represent the state or characteristics of an object

• To act as a template for creating methods

Which language is considered a strongly typed language, where each variable must be declared with a specific data type?

• PHP

• Java

• Python

Which statement is true regarding encapsulation?

• It requires that all classes inherit from a common superclass

• It involves wrapping data and methods within a single unit

• It allows direct access to an object's internal state from outside the class

In Java, a switch statement can work with which of the following types?

• Only int and char types

• Any scalar data type

• int, char, String, and enum types

Which principle ensures that derived classes can be substituted for their base classes?

• Encapsulation

• Polymorphism

• Abstraction