Cellular Energy Quiz

What is the main purpose of ATP and ADP in cellular energy?

• Storage of genetic information

• Energy currency for metabolic processes

• Structural component of cell membranes

• Transport of oxygen in the blood

Which type of organisms are described as autotrophs?

• Organisms that consume other organisms

• Organisms that produce their own energy

• Organisms that rely solely on sunlight

• Organisms that cannot survive without oxygen

What does the second law of thermodynamics state about energy transformations?

• Energy cannot be created or destroyed

• Free energy is always increasing

• The total energy in a closed system remains constant

• Energy can be completely converted into usable forms

How much energy is typically passed on to the next level in the food chain?

• 5%

• 10%

• 20%

• 50%

What type of reaction releases energy by breaking down complex molecules?

• Anabolic reactions

• Catabolic reactions

• Redox reactions

• Photosynthetic reactions

What is the role of NADH and FADH2 in cellular processes?

• They are structural components of cells

• They act as energy carriers in redox reactions

• They are waste products of metabolism

• They store genetic information

In redox reactions, what happens to a molecule that gains electrons?

• It is oxidized

• It is reduced

• It is converted to ATP

• It is broken down

Which molecule is formed from the phosphorylation of ADP?

• AMP

• ATP

• ADP + inorganic phosphate

• GTP

What process involves the transfer of electrons?

• Photosynthesis

• Cellular respiration

• Redox reactions

• All of the above

Which components are necessary for ATP synthesis?

• Glucose only

• Sugar, nitrogenous base, and phosphate groups

• Oxygen and carbon dioxide

• Proteins and lipids