System 101 Question Set 2

What is the primary use of polar orbits?

• To observe other planets
• To collect solar energy
• Global Earth observation
• Interplanetary missions

Answer explanation

Satellites in polar orbits pass over the entire surface of the Earth, making them ideal for global observation.

What effect does space weather have on satellites?

• It increases their fuel efficiency
• It can damage satellite electronics
• It improves signal transmission
• It prevents orbital decay

Answer explanation

Space weather, such as solar flares and geomagnetic storms, can disrupt or damage satellite systems and electronics.

What is the "Kessler Syndrome"?

• A series of comets orbiting Earth
• A chain reaction of collisions in space
• A type of solar flare
• A low-energy particle stream from the Sun

Answer explanation

The Kessler Syndrome refers to a scenario where collisions in space lead to the creation of debris, which in turn causes more collisions.

What component is crucial for power generation in a satellite?

• Thruster
• Battery
• Solar panel
• Gyroscope

Answer explanation

Solar panels are the primary source of power for most satellites, converting solar energy into electrical power.

What does "perigee" refer to in an orbit?

• The point where the satellite is closest to the Earth
• The point where the satellite is farthest from the Earth
• The average height of the orbit
• The time it takes to complete one orbit

Answer explanation

Perigee is the point in the satellite's orbit where it is closest to Earth.

What is the primary purpose of ground stations in satellite operations?

• To track asteroids
• To control satellite launches
• To communicate with and monitor satellites
• To clean space debris

Answer explanation

Ground stations are used to communicate with satellites, monitor their performance, and send commands.

Which of the following is a common method to extend the lifespan of a satellite?

• Reducing its power usage
• Increasing its orbital altitude
• Adding extra fuel
• Switching to standby mode during inactive periods

Answer explanation

Satellites often enter standby modes during inactive periods to conserve power and extend their operational life.

What is the most common risk associated with space weather?

• Increased asteroid impact
• GPS signal disruption
• Orbital decay
• Decreased satellite fuel efficiency

Answer explanation

Space weather, particularly geomagnetic storms, can create an increased drag effect leading to orbital decay.

Why are satellites in low Earth orbit more susceptible to atmospheric drag?

• They are closer to the Earth’s atmosphere
• They experience stronger solar winds
• Their orbits are not elliptical
• They have lower fuel reserves

Answer explanation

Satellites in low Earth orbit are more susceptible to drag from the upper layers of the atmosphere, which causes them to lose altitude over time.

What is the primary role of a satellite’s thrusters?

• To power its systems
• To change its orbit or maintain its position
• To improve communication signal strength
• To detect space debris

Answer explanation

Thrusters are used to adjust the satellite’s orbit or position, maintaining its intended trajectory or avoiding space debris.