Ex#4 Microscopic Identification of Microorganisms

Science of investigating small objects and structures using an optical instrument such as the microscope.

Microscope comes from the Greek word "mikros" and "skopein" which means:

• Big, to hear

• Small, to look or to see

• Small, to hear

• Huge, to feel

Also called a dissecting microscope, provides magnification of up to 300 times.

• Confocal Microscope

• Dark-field microscope

• Stereo Microscope

• Phase-contrast Microscope

Uses electrons in creating a magnified image and samples are scanned in a vacuum so they must be specially prepared. 

• Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

• Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)

• Confocal Microscope

• Brightfield Microscope

Samples are scanned in vacuum or near-vacuum conditions, so they must be specially prepared by first undergoing dehydration and then being coated with a layer of a conducive material, such as gold. 

• Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)

• Stereo Microscope

• Phase-contrast Microscope

• Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

Uses an ultraviolet or near-ultraviolet source of illumination that causes fluorescent compounds (green-colored) in a specimen to emit light.

• Differential

  Interference

  Contrast (DIC)

• Fluorescence Microscope

• Brightfield Microscope

• Simple Microscope

Total magnification of High Power objective lens

• 100x

• 40x

• 1000x

• 400x

Total magnification of Low Power objective lens

• 40x

• 400x

• 100x

• 1000x

A light microscope in which the lighting system has been modified to reach the specimen from the sides only. 

• Brightfield Microscope

• Simple Microscope

• Dark-field Microscope

• Confocal Microscope

Uses a sound wave of specific frequency that travels through the specimen with a portion being reflected when it hits an interface within the material.

• Scanning Acoustic microscope

• Confocal microscope

• Simple microscope

• Frequency microscope