BTEC 1332 LECTURE 9

Regarding PCR, which of the following statement is true?

• a. its a a slow and inefficient method for amplifying DNA

• b. requires high concentrations of DNA polymerase

• c. it can only be used for cloning purposesd.

• d. it amplifies DNA WITHOUT any prior knowledge of the sequence

During the denaturation step of PCR, what temperature is used?

• a. 54°C

• b. 72°C

• c. 95°C

• d. 37°C

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

What temperature range is typically used for the annealing of the primers (SECOND STEP) to the DNA flanking ends?

• a) 25-30°C

• b) 50-65°C

• c) 72-75°C

• d) 95-98°C

What is the formula used to calculate the total number of DNA copies after a certain number of PCR cycles?

• a. n^2

• b. 2^n

• c. n + 1

• d. 10^n

Which term describes the phenomenon where the number of DNA copies doubles with each PCR cycle?

• a) DNA transcription

• b) Radical polymerization

• c) Geometric progression

• d) Exponential amplification

How does PCR enable the rapid generation of millions to billions of DNA copies within an hour?

• a) By using multiple DNA polymerases simultaneously

• b) By amplifying known DNA sequences sequentially

• c) By employing a closed, heat-sensitive container system

• d) By cycling through denaturation, annealing, and extension stepsrapidly for 20 to 40 cycles

What is the function of heat-stable Taq DNA polymerase from Thermus aquaticus in PCR?

• a) It facilitates the extension of primers bound to the DNA template,synthesizing new complementary strands while resisting highdenaturation temperatures.

• b) It provides a suitable environment for primer annealing to DNAtemplate strands, also resisting high denaturation temperatures.

• c) It does not facilitate DNA template supercoiling after thedenaturation step.

• d) It maintains conditions for the denaturation process

What is the purpose of increasing the temperature to 72°C
following the annealing step during PCR?

• a. to halt amplifying DNA sequence

• b. to allow DNA primers to bind to flaking sequence

• c. to enable heat-resistant DNA polymerase to synthesize new DNA strands complementary to the template strand

• d.. to facilitate the deneraturation of DNA strands into single strands

In which direction does DNA polymerase extend the DNA strandduring PCR?

• a. 3' to 5'

• b. 5' to 3'

• c. bidirectionally

• d. from th middle outward

What are the typical characteristics of PCR primers?

• a) Long double-stranded DNA molecules

• b) Short single-stranded DNA molecules

• c) Long single-stranded RNA molecules

• d) Short double-stranded RNA molecules