Nervous System Fundamentals

A type of neuroglial cell that produces and wraps myelin around the axons of neurons in the PNS.

• Schwann Cells

• Microglial Cells

• Satellite Cells

• Oligodencrocytes

A type of neuroglial cell that produces and wraps myelin around the axons of neurons in the CNS.

• Schwann Cells

• Microglial Cells

• Satellite Cells

• Oligodencrocytes

A type of glial cell that surrounds and supports the cell bodies of neurons in the dorsal root ganglia and the autonomic ganglia.

• Astrocytes

• Schwann Cells

• Satellite Cells

• Oligodendrocytes

A type of neuroglial cell that forms simple epithelium that line the central cavity of the spinal cord and brain.

• Astrocytes

• Microglial Cells

• Ependymal Cells

• Oligodendrocytes

A type of neuroglial cell that engulfs invading microorganisms and dead neurons; the least abundant and smallest of the neuroglia

• Astrocytes

• Microglial Cells

• Ependymal Cells

• Oligodendrocytes

A type of neuroglial cell that regulates the extracellular environment around neurons and regulates the release and uptake of neurotransmitters and ions.

• Astrocytes

• Microglial Cells

• Ependymal Cells

• Oligodendrocytes

A _________ neuron sends signals toward the synapse.

A _________ neuron sends signals way from the synapse.

A(n) _________ synapse that directly connects the cytoplasm of two neurons; allows for rapid, bidirectional transmission of electrical signals.

A(n) _________ synapse that involves the release of neurotransmitters from the presynaptic neuron that bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron or excitable cell, triggering a response.