Front

Movement of 6 million people from rural South to urban Northeast, Midwest, and West (1916-1970).

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African American Migration

Front

Laws by Southern states based on slave codes, restricting freedmen's rights and influencing the 14th Amendment.

Back

Black Codes

Front

Northerners who moved to the South after the Civil War to exploit the unstable climate.

Back

Carpetbaggers

Front

Land/business owner forces worker to repay debt with work, leading to a cycle of unpaid labor.

Back

Debt Peonage

Front

No one can be denied the right to vote based on race or color.

Back

Fifteenth Amendment

Front

Granted full citizenship to African Americans; states cannot deprive rights without due process; guarantees equal protection under the law.

Back

Fourteenth Amendment

Front

Laws in the South post-Reconstruction enforcing racial segregation.

Back

Jim Crow Laws

Front

Groups believing in white supremacy formed in the South to terrorize African Americans and enforce segregation.

Back

Ku Klux Klan

Front

A subgroup of a political party advocating punishment for the South post-Civil War and full equality for African Americans, gaining power in Congress to push through Congressional Reconstruction.

Back

Radical Republicans

Front

System of agriculture in the South with former slaves, where farmers give a portion of crops to landowners for land use.

Back

Sharecropping