Surface Features Review

1 The natural process of rock gradually breaking up and being worn down over time is known as

• weathering

• erosion

• deposition

• sediment

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

The geological process by which material is added to a landform is called

• weathering

• deposition

• erosion

• calving

Which surface features are created by a process that extends over a long period of time?

• mountains and canyons

• sand dunes and landslides

• ponds and rivers

• Earthquakes and Mountains

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

The picture on the left shows Nihoa, part of the island chain that forms Hawaii.  The picture on the right shows Eighteen Mile Island, in the Columbia River in Oregon. How were the islands most likely formed?

• Both islands were formed by tsunamis.

• Both islands were formed by earthquakes.

• Nihoa was formed by deposition of silt and other materials, and Eighteen Mile was formed by an underwater volcano.

• A. Nihoa was formed by an underwater volcano, and Eighteen Mile was formed by the deposition of silt and other materials.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Which is an example of erosion but NOT weathering?

• the dissolving of rock by rainwater

• the crumbling of bedrock to form soil

• a pebble being rolled along a riverbed

• a rock splitting from water freezing in cracks

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

A cross section of ecosystems in the Florida Everglades is shown below. Which of the following ecosystems experiences the least amount of flooding and soil erosion?

• Marine/Estuary

• Coastal Prairie

• Cypress

• Hammock

Lourdes notices a sudden movement of rock and soil moving down a hill. What is John noticing?

• A landslide caused by gravity.

• A landslide caused by deposition.

• Weathering caused by wind

• Weathering caused by water

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Beverly loves to play on a large rock behind her grandmother's house when she visits each summer. She thinks that the rock is getting smaller from year to year. What would be the best way for Marcia to test this idea?

• ask her grandmother whether or not she thinks the rock is getting smaller each year

• take a picture of the rock now and next time she visits, and compare the pictures

• compare her height and the height of the rock, and draw a conclusion from the measurements

• measure the rock's diameter and height each time she visits, and record her findings in a journal

How does a jetty help protect a beach?

• It is too high for the waves to pass.

• It holds back water

• It prevents sand from being carried away.

• It keeps sand off the beach

Which of the following correctly compares dams and levees?

• A dam is designed to prevent flooding, and a levee is designed to change the direction of water flow.

• A levee is designed to prevent flooding, and a dam is designed to change the direction of water flow.

• Both structures are designed to prevent flooding, but a dam does not block the flow of water like a levee.

• Both structures are designed to prevent flooding, but a levee does not block the flow of water like a dam.