Biology Quiz

Which of the following is the primary function of the mitochondria in cells?

• Protein synthesis

• Energy production

• DNA replication

• Cell division

Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by DNA replication?

• G1 phase

• S phase

• G2 phase

• M phase

What is the name of the process by which plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen?

• Cellular respiration

• Photosynthesis

• Fermentation

• Glycolysis

Which of the following molecules carries genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosomes?

• DNA

• tRNA

• mRNA

• rRNA

Which organelle is responsible for breaking down waste products in a cell?

• Endoplasmic reticulum

• Lysosome

• Golgi apparatus

• Ribosome

In genetics, what does the term "homozygous" refer to?

• Having two different alleles

• Having two identical alleles

• A form of genetic mutation

• Chromosome duplication

What type of natural selection favors individuals at both extremes of a phenotypic range?

• Stabilizing selection

• Directional selection

• Disruptive selection

• Balancing selection

Which of the following best describes an ecosystem?

• A population of a single species

• A community of organisms and their physical environment

What is the molar mass of carbon dioxide (CO₂)?

• 16 g/mol

• 28 g/mol

• 44 g/mol

• 64 g/mol

Which type of bond involves the sharing of electrons between two atoms?

• Ionic bond

• Covalent bond

• Metallic bond

• Hydrogen bond