Psych Ch. 2 Test Review

What is the first step in scientific research?

• Conducting an experiment

• Identifying a hypothesis

• Collecting data

• Analyzing results

What is a hypothesis often described as?

• A random guess

• An educated guess or answer to a research question

• A proven fact

• A statistical analysis

Why is replication important in scientific research?

• It ensures the research is published

• It confirms the reliability of results

• It speeds up the research process

• It reduces the cost of research

What is the cross-sectional method?

• A study of one group over time

• A study of different groups at one point in time

• A study of a single individual

• A study of a single variable

What is the difference between an experimental group and a control group?

• The experimental group receives the treatment

• The control group receives the treatment

• Both groups receive the treatment

• Neither group receives the treatment

Under what circumstances might a psychologist break confidentiality?

• To publish research findings

• To protect someone from harm

• To share with colleagues

• To gain funding

What is a placebo?

• A real treatment

• A substance with no effect apart from belief

• A type of hypothesis

• A statistical measure

What is a longitudinal method?

• A study of different groups at one point in time

• A study of one group over a long period

• A study of a single variable

• A study of a single individual

What is the essential ethical value or point of the excerpt from the American Psychological Association Ethics Code?

• To maximize profits in psychological practice

• To safeguard the welfare and rights of those with whom psychologists interact

• To promote personal opinions in research

• To prioritize financial gain over ethical concerns

Why must psychologists consider the welfare and rights of their clients?

• To ensure personal gain

• To avoid legal issues

• To maintain ethical standards and minimize harm

• To increase client dependency