IGCSE Biotechnology and genetic modification

Identify the enzyme used to cut DNA in genetic engineering.

• Trypsin

• DNA ligase

• Restriction enzymes

• Protease

State the term for the structure found in bacterial cells that is used in genetic engineering

What term describes enzymes such as lactase that are fixed to a non-reactive support surface such as a gel bead

What term describes a structure that carries a gene from one organism to another in genetic engineering?

Identify the product produced in a fermenter that can be used in the treatment of bacterial disease.

• Penicillin

• Mycoprotein

• Insulin

• Paracetamol

Bt maize is a genetically modified crop that can be grown without the use of which of the following?

• Chemical herbicides

• Soil

• Chemical fertilisers

• Chemical pesticides

Which of the following is a disadvantage of growing a genetically modified crop?

• Reduced use of chemical fertilisers

•  Inserted genes being transferred to wild plants

• Increased yield in crop

• Improved nutrition quality of the crop

What process is used by bacterial cells in cell division?

• Cytolinesis

• Binary fission

• Mitosis

• Meiosis

Identify the enzyme used in the commercial production of fruit juices

• Lactase

• Lipase

• Pectinase

• DNA ligase

Which of the following is added to a fermenter to allow microorganisms to produce amino acids?

• Ammonium ions

• Oxygen

• Glucose

• Carbon dioxide