Unit 8 Test: Evolution Review

What is the relationship between natural selection and adaptations?

• Adaptations and natural selection are separate processes and not related.

• Natural selection and adaptations are actually the same thing.

• Natural selection occurs as a result of adaptations within population

• Natural selection is the process leading up to adaptations in a population.

Spotted owls exist in multiple variations. Two species are shown in the image above. What answer below BEST DESCRIBES the cause & effect of the two different species?

• The common ancestors of these owls were geographically isolated, but can still interbreed, as the allele frequencies have likely not changed much.

• The common ancestors of these owls were temporally isolated, but can still interbreed, as the allele frequencies have likely not changed much.

• The common ancestors of these owls were geographically isolated, and over time the allele frequencies changed so much they are no longer able to interbreed.

• The common ancestors of these owls were temporally isolated, and over time the allele frequencies changed so much they are no longer able to interbreed.

What statements below explain why buffalo populations have evolved to utilize group behaviors? CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY.

• Solitary buffalo would be easy targets for predators.

• Buffalo work together as a herd to catch prey.

• Buffalo group together because there is safety in numbers.

• Buffalo herds in the wilderness would be easy targets for predators.

• Baby buffalo are typically protected by putting them in the center of the herd so that future generations can survive.

The image below shows two separate species of squirrels that evolved after being separated by the Colorado River's erosion of the Grand Canyon. What type of speciation has occurred here?

• Sympatric Speciation

• Allopatric Speciation

• Group Behavior

• Disruptive Selection

Of the animals in this phylogenetic tree, which two species are MOST closely related?

• Rhesus Monkey and Frog

• Lamprey and Mouse

• Chicken and Frog

• Human and Chicken

The chart below contains similarities in DNA between different organisms. Which statement below correctly interprets the chart?

• Horse and donkey are more closely related to each other than the chicken and the penguin

• The chicken and the penguin are more closely related than the horse and donkey.

• The penguin and the snake are the closest relatives on the chart.

• The chicken is more closely related to the snake than the donkey.

Based on the leaf colors of the two trees below, what will happen to the allele frequency of each of the parrots?

• DD will decrease; Dd will increase; dd will increase

• DD will increase; Dd will increase; dd will decrease

• DD will increase; Dd will decrease; dd will decrease

• DD will decrease; Dd will decrease; dd will increase

As shown below, parts of human, cat, whale and bat arms have similar bone structures for similar functions. What is the term for this idea?

• adapted structures

• homologous structures

• analogous structures

• vestigial structures