Understanding Acids and Bases

What is the chemical definition of an acid?

• A substance that releases hydroxide ions (OH⁻) in solution.

• A substance that releases hydrogen ions (H⁺) in solution.

• A substance that has a pH greater than 7.

• A substance that is neutral in pH.

Which of the following pH values represents a neutral solution?

• 0

• 7

• 14

• 3

What is the role of buffers in biological systems?

• To increase the acidity of bodily fluids.

• To maintain pH balance within cells and bodily fluids.

• To neutralize all acids in the body.

• To convert bases into acids.

Which of the following is an example of a biological process that involves acids?

• Photosynthesis

• Stomach digestion

• Protein synthesis

• DNA replication

What is the pH range of a basic solution?

• 0 to 6

• 7 to 14

• 8 to 14

• 1 to 7

How do bases affect the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution?

• They increase the concentration of hydrogen ions.

• They decrease the concentration of hydrogen ions.

• They have no effect on hydrogen ions.

• They convert hydrogen ions into oxygen.

Which of the following is a common buffer system in the human body?

• Sodium chloride

• Bicarbonate

• Hydrochloric acid

• Ammonia

What is the importance of maintaining blood pH within a narrow range?

• To ensure proper enzyme function and homeostasis.

• To prevent the blood from becoming too salty.

• To increase the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood.

• To enhance the taste of blood.

Which ion is released by bases in a solution?

• Hydrogen ion (H⁺)

• Hydroxide ion (OH⁻)

• Sodium ion (Na⁺)

• Chloride ion (Cl⁻)

What is the pH of a solution with a high concentration of hydrogen ions?

• High pH

• Neutral pH

• Low pH

• Variable pH