1 The First Civilizations

Mesopotamia’s climate was

• temperate.

• always cold.

• hot and dry.

• tropical.

Skilled workers who made metal products, cloth, or pottery are called

• priests.

• artisans.

• scribes.

• heroes.

Who wrote a legal code that covered most areas of daily life?

• Hammurabi

• Gilgamesh

• Nebuchadnezzar

• Nineveh

People who study and write about the human past are called

• scribes.

• historians.

• astronomers.

• nomads.

The Sumerian writing system was called

• Sargon.

• Cyrillic.

• cuneiform.

• hieroglyphics.

The center of the Chaldean empire was at

• Nineveh.

• Jericho.

• Çatal Hüyük.

• Babylon.

A mixture of copper and tin is called

• brass.

• amber.

• platinum.

• bronze.

Times of extreme cold when great sheets of ice covered parts of the earth were the

• Ice Ages.

• Bronze Age.

• Stone Ages.

• Golden Ages.

Artisans, merchants, farmers, and fishers made up this group.

• lower class

• middle class

• business class

• upper class

A group of traveling merchants is called a

• fleet.

• gaggle.

• flotilla.

• caravan.