Speaking subskills

Students need to be able to use specific phrases for purposes like giving advice, apologizing, etc.

• Relevant length

• Using functions

• Fluency

• Repair and repetition

Students need to be able to use ways of interjecting, eliciting an interjection or preventing one.

• Relevant length

• Accuracy with words & pronunciation

• Turn-taking skills

• Responding and initiating

Students need to be able to repeat or rephrase part of a conversation when they suspect that what was said was not understood.

• Repair and repetition

• Responding and initiating

• Discourse markers

• Appropriacy

Students need to be able to speak with a logical flow without planning or rehearsing.

• Using functions

• Appropriacy

• Relevant length

• Fluency

Students need to be able to use words, structures and pronunciation accurately.

• Range of Words and Grammar

• Accuracy with Words and Pronunciation

• Discourse Markers

• Appropriacy

Students need to be able to use language appropriate for a situation and make decisions about formality and choice of grammar or vocabulary.

• Appropriacy

• Range of Words and Grammar

• Accuracy with Words & Pronunciation

• Using Functions

Students need to be able to use words/phrases that organize a talk (e.g., firstly, secondly, on the other hand, to summarize).

• Turn-taking Skills

• Accuracy with Words & Pronunciation

• Responding and Initiating

• Discourse Markers

Students need to be able to use particular grammar and/or vocabulary for speaking on a specific or for doing a specific task.

• Accuracy with Words & Pronunciation

• Range of Words and Grammar

• Using Functions

• Discourse Markers

Students need to be able to manage a conversation by making responses, asking for a response or introducing a new topic or idea.

• Turn-taking Skills

• Accuracy with Words & Pronunciation

• Responding and Initiating

• Range of Words and Grammar

Students need to be able to speak at a length appropriate to a situation.

• Relevant Length

• Turn-taking Skills

• Appropriacy

• Fluency