2.1B AP Psychology

After purchasing a new color printer, Sheila was annoyed that the pink bulldog she printed on gray paper was much brighter than the image of the pink bulldog she saw against the backdrop of her white computer screen. She called a printer expert, claiming that her printer was broken. Which of the following statements should the printer expert make to explain to Sheila why her belief is incorrect?

• a. "Because of shape constancy, you should perceive the same pink bulldog on the computer and on the paper."

• b. "Because of relative luminance, you may perceive the pink bulldog to be brighter against a darker background."

• c. "Because of color constancy, you may perceive the colors shifting from a computer screen to a piece of paper."

• d. "Because of size constancy, you should perceive the pink bulldog in roughly the same manner on the computer and on the paper."

Amber experienced the illusion of movement when looking at three stationary, adjacent, blinking lights. What is this effect called?

• Phi phenomenon

• Binocular cues

• Retinal disparity

• Stroboscopic movement

Bryanna and Charles are participating in a dance competition. It is easy for spectators to see them against the dance floor because of a. texture gradient. b. the phi phenomenon. c. color constancy. d. figure-ground relationships.

• texture gradient

• the phi phenomenon

• color constancy

• figure-ground relationships

Narmeen is viewing the board in the classroom. She knows that the board is located far away, because the view from her left eye is only slightly different than the view from her right eye. Her ability to judge the distance of the board is due to which depth cue?

• Retinal disparity

• Relative size

• Linear perspective

• Convergence

Which of the following statements is best explained by research on depth perception using the visual cliff?

• Based on research with newborn animals that refuse to cross the visual cliff, it can be inferred that monocular depth cues develop before binocular depth cues.

• Based on research with mobile newborn animals that refuse to cross the visual cliff, it can be inferred that newborn human infants are also born with an innate sense of depth.

• Based on research with newborn animals that willingly cross the visual cliff, it can be inferred that human infants must learn to perceive depth.

• Based on research with newborn animals that do not willingly cross the visual cliff, it can be inferred that humans do not develop the perception of depth until 24 months of age.

Even though the banana seemed to change color as the lighting in the room changed, Jane knew that the color of the banana was not actually changing. This perception is due to

• relative clarity

• color constancy

• interposition

• relative luminance