Understanding the Respiratory System

What is the primary mechanism of gas exchange in the lungs?

• Osmosis

• Filtration

• Diffusion

• Active transport

Describe the structure and function of alveoli.

• Alveoli are small air sacs in the lungs that enable gas exchange between the air and blood.

• Alveoli are large tubes that transport oxygen to the heart.

• Alveoli are structures that filter out toxins from the air before it enters the lungs.

• Alveoli are responsible for producing red blood cells in the lungs.

How does the diaphragm contribute to the process of breathing?

• The diaphragm has no role in breathing.

• The diaphragm only helps with exhalation.

• The diaphragm contracts to facilitate inhalation and relaxes to enable exhalation.

• The diaphragm expands the lungs without contracting.

List three common respiratory diseases and their effects.

• Diabetes

• Arthritis

• Asthma, COPD, Pneumonia

• Hypertension

Explain the role of pulmonary circulation in respiration.

• Pulmonary circulation is responsible for nutrient absorption in the lungs.

• Pulmonary circulation transports blood from the heart to the stomach for digestion.

• Pulmonary circulation carries oxygenated blood to the lungs for carbon dioxide removal.

• Pulmonary circulation transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation and returns oxygenated blood to the heart.

What are the mechanics involved in inhalation and exhalation?

• Inhalation is the process of drawing air into the lungs, while exhalation is the process of expelling air from the lungs.

• Inhalation is the process of releasing carbon dioxide from the body.

• Exhalation involves the intake of oxygen through the skin.

• Inhalation and exhalation are controlled solely by the heart.

How does oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse in the alveoli?

• Oxygen and carbon dioxide do not diffuse in the alveoli.

• Oxygen diffuses from alveoli to blood, and carbon dioxide diffuses from blood to alveoli.

• Both oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse from blood to alveoli.

• Oxygen diffuses from blood to alveoli, and carbon dioxide diffuses from alveoli to blood.

What structural features of alveoli facilitate efficient gas exchange?

• Thick walls, small surface area, and distance from capillaries.

• Thin walls, large surface area, and proximity to capillaries.

• High density, limited elasticity, and thick membranes.

• Rigid structure, minimal blood supply, and low humidity.

What happens to the diaphragm during inhalation?

• The diaphragm contracts and moves downward.

• The diaphragm expands and pushes air out.

• The diaphragm relaxes and moves upward.

• The diaphragm remains stationary during inhalation.

How do respiratory diseases impact pulmonary circulation?

• Respiratory diseases improve pulmonary circulation and enhance gas exchange.

• Respiratory diseases can cause pulmonary hypertension and impair gas exchange, negatively impacting pulmonary circulation.

• Respiratory diseases only affect the heart, not the lungs.

• Pulmonary circulation is unaffected by respiratory diseases.