Communities and Ecosystems

A community is composed of

• living organisms and their nonliving environment.

• one species of organism living in a specific environment on Earth.

• the factors that constitute an organism's niche.

• potentially interacting populations of different kinds of organisms.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

An owl and a hawk both eat mice. Which of these describes the relationship between a hawk and an owl?

• parasitism

• competition

• predation

• mutualism

The sum total of a population's use of the biotic and abiotic resources of its habitat constitutes its

• evolution.

• range.

• niche.

• environment.

In an ecosystem, you would expect to find interspecific competition between

• males and females of a species in which both sexes occupy the same niche.

• two wasp species that mimic each other's appearance.

• populations of two species that occupy the same niche.

• a prey species and its predator.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

Camouflage typically evolves as a result of

• mutualism.

• herbivory.

• predation.

• interspecific competition.

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NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

Some herbivore-plant interactions evolved through a series of reciprocal evolutionary adaptations in both species. The process is called

• coevolution.

• herbivory.

• selection.

• trophism.

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NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

In a hypothetical food chain consisting of grass, grasshoppers, sparrows, and hawks, the grasshoppers are

• primary producers.

• secondary producers.

• primary consumers.

• secondary consumers.

Organisms that digest molecules in organic material and convert them into inorganic forms are

• detritivores.

• primary producers.

• decomposers.

• primary consumers.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Which of the following statements regarding food webs is true?

• Several species of primary consumers may feed on the same species of producer.

• A consumer eats only one type of producer.

• Detritivores consume dead organic matter from a specific trophic level.

• Nutrient transfer moves from producer to consumer and back.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

The number of species in a community is called the

• species population.

• species index.

• species diversity.

• species richness.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-5