Biological Approach Topic 1 Brain and Behaviour

Which brain imaging technique uses X-rays to create detailed structural images of the brain?

• fMRI

• PET scan

• CT scan

• EEG

Which of the following brain imaging techniques is more invasive due to the use of radioactive glucose?

• MRI

• fMRI

• CT scan

• PET scan

What is the primary focus of the theory of localization of function in the brain?

• The entire brain is equally responsible for all functions.

• Specific areas of the brain are responsible for particular functions.

• Brain function is distributed randomly across the brain.

• All functions originate from the heart.

Who is associated with the discovery of Broca’s area, a region crucial for speech production?

• Franz Gall

• Paul Broca

• David Hubel

• Torsten Wiesel

What did Maguire et al. (2000) find regarding the hippocampi of London taxi drivers?

• The anterior hippocampi were larger in taxi drivers.

• The posterior hippocampi were smaller in taxi drivers.

• The posterior hippocampi were larger in taxi drivers.

• There were no significant differences in hippocampal size.

In the context of neurons, what is the function of dendrites?

• Transmit signals away from the soma

• Receive signals from other neurons

• Store neurotransmitters

• Insulate the neuron

What is the role of neurotransmitters in synaptic transmission?

• To carry electrical signals across the neuron

• To block the passage of signals between neurons

• To transmit chemical signals across the synapse

• To store information within the neuron

Neuroplasticity refers to:

• The brain’s inability to change after development

• The ability of the brain to reorganize by forming new neural connections

• The fixed structure of the brain throughout life

• The brain’s capacity to generate new neurons continuously

Which study provided evidence that acetylcholine is crucial for memory encoding but not retrieval?

• Hubel and Wiesel (1963)

• Maguire et al. (2000)

• Rogers and Kesner (2003)

• Broca (1861)

Which neurotransmitter was blocked using scopolamine in Rogers and Kesner’s study?

• Dopamine

• Serotonin

• Acetylcholine

• Norepinephrine