Lesson 1.3 Mastery Check

The pharaoh Ahmose drove the Hyksos out of Egypt and restored Egyptian rule, leading to a time period in Egyptian history called the

• New Kingdom.
• Old Kingdom.
• Middle Kingdom.
• Ancient Kingdom.

Mesopotamia's political system was made up of kings who ruled warring city-states, but Egypt's political system consisted of

• pharaohs who ruled an undivided kingdom.
• priests who determined the afterlife of it's citizens.
• military leaders who held all the power because they controlled the army.
• elected officials from each region who were voted on by the male citizens.

In Ancient Egypt, the ___ was both the head of governmental and religious life.

• General
• King
• Pharaoh
• Pope

The majority of Egyptians live along the Nile River and Nile Delta because

• land is inexpensive there.
• arable land is located there.
• the pyramids are located there.
• important archaeological sites are there.

Which of the following best describes the role of the Nile River in the development of Egyptian civilization?

• It provided a natural barrier against invasions.

• It was a source of precious metals.

• It enabled agriculture through its annual flooding.

• It was the primary route for trade with Mesopotamia.

Which of the following best explains why the Nile River was crucial to the economy of Ancient Egypt?

• It provided a route for foreign invasions.

• It was a source of fresh water for irrigation.

• It was rich in mineral resources.

• It served as a natural defense barrier.

In Ancient Egypt, which class of people was primarily responsible for writing and record-keeping?

• Farmers

• Priests

• Scribes

• Soldiers

What was the main purpose of mummification in Ancient Egypt?

• To preserve the body for the afterlife

• To prevent the spread of disease

• To display the deceased in public

• To prepare the body for cremation

What was the writing system used by the Ancient Egyptians called?

• Cuneiform

• Hieroglyphics

• Alphabet

• Pictographs

Which of the following best describes the role of the Pharaoh in Ancient Egyptian society?

• A military leader who commanded the army

• A religious figure who communicated with the gods

• A political leader who governed the state

• All of the above