Logical Fallacies Quiz

What is the definition of a "strawman" fallacy?

• Misrepresenting someone's argument to make it easier to attack.

• Assuming that what is true about one part of something has to be applied to all, or other, parts of it.

• Moving the goalposts or making up exceptions when a claim is shown to be false.

• Attacking your opponent's character or personal traits in an attempt to undermine their argument.

Which fallacy involves asserting that if we allow A to happen, then Z will consequently happen, so A should not happen?

• False cause

• Slippery slope

• Special pleading

• Loaded question

What does the "ad hominem" fallacy entail?

• Attacking your opponent's character or personal traits instead of engaging with their argument.

• Manipulating an emotional response in place of a valid or compelling argument.

• Saying that because an authority thinks something, it must therefore be true.

• Using double meanings or ambiguities of language to mislead or misrepresent the truth.

Which fallacy is described as "moving the goalposts or making up exceptions when a claim is shown to be false"?

• Special pleading

• Bandwagon

• Genetic

• Anecdotal

What is the "bandwagon" fallacy?

• Believing that 'runs' occur to statistically independent phenomena such as roulette wheel spins.

• Appealing to popularity or the fact that many people do something as an attempted form of validation.

• Assuming that what is true about one part of something has to be applied to all, or other, parts of it.

• Making what could be called an appeal to purity as a way to dismiss relevant criticisms of an argument.

Which fallacy involves saying that because an authority thinks something, it must therefore be true?

• Appeal to authority

• Appeal to emotion

• Appeal to nature

• Appeal to tradition

What does the "false cause" fallacy imply?

• Presuming that a real or perceived relationship between things means that one is the cause of the other.

• Using double meanings or ambiguities of language to mislead or misrepresent the truth.

• Making what could be called an appeal to purity as a way to dismiss relevant criticisms of an argument.

• Believing that 'runs' occur to statistically independent phenomena such as roulette wheel spins.

Which fallacy is described as "using double meanings or ambiguities of language to mislead or misrepresent the truth"?

• Ambiguity

• Genetic

• Anecdotal

• Loaded question

What is the "no true scotsman" fallacy?

• Making what could be called an appeal to purity as a way to dismiss relevant criticisms of an argument.

• Assuming that what is true about one part of something has to be applied to all, or other, parts of it.

• Saying that the burden of proof lies not with the person making the claim, but with someone else to disprove.

• Presuming that a real or perceived relationship between things means that one is the cause of the other.

Which fallacy involves making an argument that because something is 'natural' it is therefore valid, justified, inevitable, good, or ideal?

• Appeal to nature

• Appeal to emotion

• Appeal to authority

• Appeal to tradition