DNA/Transcription/Translation Review

According to Chargaff’s rule of base pairing, which of the following is true about DNA?

• [A] = [T]; [C] = [G]
• [A] = [C]; [T] = [G]
• [A] = [G]; [T] = [C]
• [A] = [T]; [C] = [U]

The bonds that hold the two strands of DNA together come from

• the attraction of phosphate groups for each other.
• strong bonds between nitrogenous bases and deoxyribose.
• weak hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases.
• carbon-to-carbon bonds in the sugar portion of the nucleotides.

In eukaryotes, nearly all the DNA is found in the

• Nucleus
• Ribosomes
• Cytoplasm
• Histones.

RNA differs from DNA in that RNA has

• a double strand and contains uracil.
• a single strand and contains adenine.
• a double strand and contains thymine.
• a single strand and contains uracil.

Which molecule is used as a template to make mRNA through a process called transcription?

• tRNA
• rRNA
• DNA
• protein

Where does transcription occur?

• In the cytoplasm
• In the nucleus
• On a ribosome
• Within the mitochondria

Which of the following are found in both DNA and RNA?

• ribose, phosphate groups, and adenine
• deoxyribose, phosphate groups, and guanine
• phosphate groups, guanine, and cytosine
• phosphate groups, guanine, and thymine

What happens during translation?

• Messenger RNA is made from a DNA code.
• The cell uses a messenger RNA to make proteins.
• Transfer RNA is made from a messenger RNA code.
• Copies of DNA molecules are made.

Where does translation occur?

• In the cytoplasm within a mitochondria
• In the cytoplasm on a ribosome
• In the nucleus on the nuclear pore

Ribosomes are tiny “factories” within cells that do what?

• translate DNA into RNA.
• Protein Making Factories
• Make DNA
• Make cytoplasm