Ethics & Citizenship

Which moral theory promotes the innate goodness of human beings?

• a) Ethical Egoism

• b) Utilitarianism

• c) Rousseau's theory that human beings are good by nature

• d) Epicureanism

Answer explanation

Rousseau's theory that human beings are good by nature promotes the innate goodness of human beings, making it the correct choice.

As a philosophy Stoicism promotes:

• a) The unconquerable will

• b) Hedonism

• c) Wise, righteous

• d) Both A and C

Answer explanation

Stoicism promotes the unconquerable will and wise, righteous living, making option d) Both A and C the correct choice.

The instrument for computing pleasure is

• a) Barometer

• b) Compass

• c) The hedonic

• d) Squar

Answer explanation

The instrument for computing pleasure is the hedonic, as it is specifically designed to measure pleasure and pain experiences.

Which philosophers promoted the natural law approach to morality

• a) Charles Darwin

• b) John Locke and Aristotle

• c) Karl Marx

• d) Aristippus

Answer explanation

John Locke and Aristotle promoted the natural law approach to morality, making option b the correct choice.

The Statement, 'Justice is self-interest, might, is right' was uttered by.

• a) Socrates

• b) David Hume

• c) Protagoras

• d) None of the above

Answer explanation

The correct choice is c) Protagoras because he is the one who uttered the statement, 'Justice is self-interest, might, is right'.

A virtue is defined as

• a) The will to control others

• b) Personal preferece

• c) A right inner disposition

• d) None of the above

The conscience is defined as

• a) An inner conviction that something is right or wrong

• b) Both A and C

• c) The voice of God within us

• d) None of the above

Answer explanation

The conscience is defined as an inner conviction that something is right or wrong and the voice of God within us, making option b) Both A and C the correct choice.

Which philosopher said that the moral person is the one who acts out of sense of duty?

• a) Immanuel Kant

• b) Alexander of Cartage

• c) Aristotle

• d) Sir Isac Newton

Answer explanation

Immanuel Kant said that the moral person is the one who acts out of sense of duty, making option a) the correct choice.

Which philosopher said that the three natural rights essential for a human quality of life are life, liberty and property?

• a) Jeremy Bentham

• b) Marcus Aurelius

• c) John Locke

• d) Aristippus

Answer explanation

John Locke is the philosopher who stated that the three natural rights essential for a human quality of life are life, liberty, and property.

Who said the highest function of reason is to guide conduct.

• a) Rene Descartes

• b) Joseph Butler

• c) Plato and Aristotle

• d) William Sumner

Answer explanation

Plato and Aristotle said the highest function of reason is to guide conduct, making option c the correct choice.