Основы тарифов и торговых барьеров

What are tariffs?

• Taxes at the local level

• Duties on imported goods

• Subsidies for local producers

• Free aid

Who collects the tariff?

• Exporters

• International organizations

• Local producers

• Customs authorities of the country

Why are tariffs and trade barriers used?

• To increase consumer choice

• For national security protection

• To reduce prices of imported goods

• To increase competition

What types of tariffs exist?

• Specific and ad valorem

• Technical barriers

• Licenses and quotas

• Voluntary export restraints and local content requirements

What are licenses in the context of trade barriers?

• Export permit

• Import restriction

• Sales restriction

• Production permit

How do tariffs affect prices?

• Reduce prices for imported goods

• Reduce taxes for consumers

• Increase prices for local goods

• Do not affect prices

What are the advantages of tariffs for the government?

• Increasing revenues

• Decreasing revenues

• Increasing unemployment

• Reducing taxes

Why has the role of tariffs in international trade decreased?

• Due to the increase in tariffs

• Due to the increase in trade barriers

• Due to the establishment of international organizations

• Due to the decrease in competition

What are the main types of trade barriers used by countries?

• Licenses and voluntary restrictions

• Tariffs and quotas

• Subsidies and standardization

• Technical barriers and local content requirements

How do tariffs affect inflation?

• Increase inflation

• Increase unemployment

• Decrease inflation

• No impact on inflation