UNIT 3 AOS 1 biodiversity

Wetlands provide vital ecosystem services. They supply water, improve water quality, support primary industries, provide flood and storm mitigation, act as a carbon sink, provide habitat for biodiversity and threatened species and provide communities with recreation and tourism. Which statement is most correct?

• Improving water quality is an example of provisioning services.

• Providing the communities with recreation is an example of cultural services.

• Provide flood and storm mitigation is an example of supporting services.

• Storing carbon is an example of regulating services.

A wetland provides habitat for threatened species. This is an example of:

• Provisioning services.

• Supporting services.

• Regulating services.

• Cultural services.

Australia possesses a unique assemblage of mammal species, of which over 80% are endemic. This high level of endemism is a result of Australia's:

• Distance from other countries.

• High ecosystem biodiversity.

• Long period of isolation from other land masses.

• Large number of marsupials.

Western Victorian Volcanic plains is an example of a Biodiversity hotspot. This is because:

• It hosts the largest population of Eastern Barred Bandicoots on the mainland and they are under threat from human activity.

• It is the only area in Victoria with over 400 volcanoes.

• The area has a low animal diversity and many are endemic to the area.

• The area has a high ecosystem diversity and many of these are under threat from human activity.

The Devonian extinction had the most effect on which community of species that were living at the time?

• Terrestrial plants.

• Freshwater tetrapods.

• Small mammals.

• Marine reef builders.

The Orange-bellied Parrot is one of the only migratory parrots in the world. There are fewer than 50 Orange-bellied Parrots left in the wild, and they are at risk of extinction in the next 3-5 years. Based on this information they are classified as:

• Vulnerable.

• Endangered.

• Critically endangered.

• Extinct in the wild.

Which of the following is an example of a provisioning service provided by wetlands?

• Carbon sequestration.

• Water purification.

• Food production.

• Cultural heritage.

What role do coral reefs play in marine ecosystems?

• They provide recreational benefits only.

• They act solely as carbon sinks.

• They support marine biodiversity and protect shorelines.

• They have no significant role in natural processes.

How does biodiversity contribute to the resilience of an ecosystem?

• By ensuring rapid industrial development.

• By increasing dependence on monocultures.

• By enhancing ecosystem productivity and stability.

• By promoting urbanization.

Species that are endemic to one particular area are a priority for conservation measures mainly because:

• The species already is experiencing a restricted habitat suggesting the species is at greater risk of extinction.

• The species provides social benefits to visitors to the area.

• There is only one population of the species remaining in the wild.

• Populations in different areas have become separated and exist only on patches of remaining vegetation.