inferential statisitcs

What is the primary purpose of inferential statistics?

• To describe the features of the data collected

• To infer or conclude something about a larger population based on a sample

• To organize data in a meaningful way

• To calculate the probability of events

What assumption do parametric statistics make about the distribution of scores in a sample?

• The scores are uniformly distributed

• The scores follow a skewed distribution

• The scores are normally distributed

• The scores are randomly distributed

Why are nonparametric statistics considered to be distribution free?

• They require a large sample size

• They do not assume any specific distribution of data

• They only use nominal and ordinal data

• They are based on the median and mode

Which type of measurement scale is used in nonparametric statistics for categories like hair color or insurance type?

• Interval

• Ratio

• Nominal

• Continuous

What type of measurement scale is used in nonparametric statistics for ranked order categories like pain severity?

• Nominal

• Ordinal

• Interval

• Ratio

What is the commonly used level of significance (α) by most researchers in statistical studies?

• 0.01

• 0.05

• 0.1

• 0.2

What does a level of significance (α) of 0.05 imply about the results of a study?

• There is a 5% risk that the observed difference is due to chance and a 95% chance it is a true difference.

• There is a 95% risk that the observed difference is due to chance and a 5% chance it is a true difference.

• There is a 50% risk that the observed difference is due to chance and a 50% chance it is a true difference.

• There is a 10% risk that the observed difference is due to chance and a 90% chance it is a true difference.

What does the p value in statistical significance represent?

• The probability of the study being accurate.

• The probability of the study being relevant.

• The probability that the observed difference or relationship is not due to chance.

• The probability that the study needs to be revised.

Does statistical significance necessarily imply clinical significance?

• Yes, it always implies clinical significance.

• No, it does not imply clinical significance.

• Yes, but only in psychological studies.

• No, it only applies to mathematical studies.

What is the primary purpose of an Independent sample t-test?

• Compares the differences between two groups on a single dependent measure at one point in time

• Compares the differences between three or more groups on a single dependent measure

• Compares the differences within one group at two different time points

• Compares both between-group and within-group differences simultaneously