Logical Arguments - Vocabulary

In logic, what is an argument?

• an error in reasoning that makes an argument invalid.

• a set of statements where one statement is supported by the others.

• The main parts of an argument

• the main point or claim being made

In logic, what is a premise?

• the main point or claim being made

•  a set of statements where one statement is supported by the others

•  provides the reasons or evidence

• an error in reasoning that makes an argument invalid

In logic, what is the conclusion?

• a set of statements where one statement is supported by the others.

• provides the reasons or evidence

•  error in reasoning that makes an argument invalid

• the main point or claim being made

Arguments can be either

A premise can either be

In logic, a fallacy is

•  provides the reasons or evidence

•  error in reasoning that makes an argument invalid

• a set of statements where one statement is supported by the others

•  the main point or claim being made

In logic, what role does evidence play in an argument?

• It is the main point or claim being made.

• It supports the premises and helps to establish the conclusion.

• It introduces an error that makes the argument invalid.

• It is irrelevant to the structure of an argument.

How does a conclusion differ from a premise in logical arguments?

• A conclusion is a statement that is supported by premises.

• A premise is a statement that supports the conclusion.

• Both are statements that provide evidence without needing support.

• There is no difference; both are interchangeable.

Which of the following is an example of the 'straw man' fallacy?

• Attacking an exaggerated version of an opponent's argument to make it easier to refute.

• Using irrelevant information to distract from the argument at hand.

• Arguing that a claim is true just because it has not been proven false.

• Claiming that one event caused another simply because they occurred sequentially.

What characterizes the 'false dilemma' fallacy?

• Presenting two opposing options as the only possibilities, when in fact more possibilities exist.

• Providing too many choices and overwhelming the argument.

• Using a personal attack to undermine someone's argument.

• Assuming that a small first step will inevitably lead to a chain of related events.