Biology 2e Chapter 40 Review Quiz

Why are open circulatory systems advantageous to some animals?

• They help large insects develop.

• They use less metabolic energy.

• They help the animal move faster.

• They do not need a heart.

Some animals use diffusion instead of a circulatory system. Examples include:

• birds and jellyfish

• none of the above

• flatworms and arthropods

• mollusks and jellyfish

Blood flow that is directed through the lungs and back to the heart is called ________.

• unidirectional circulation

• pulmonary circulation

• pulmocutaneous circulation

• gill circulation

White blood cells:

• all of the above

• are also called leucocytes

• defend the body against bacteria and viruses

• can be classified as granulocytes or agranulocytes

Platelet plug formation occurs at which point?

• when platelets are dispersed through the bloodstream

• when large megakaryocytes break up into thousands of smaller fragments

• none of the above

• when platelets are attracted to a site of blood vessel damage

In humans, the plasma comprises what percentage of the blood?

• 45 percent

• 55 percent

• 25 percent

• 90 percent

The red blood cells of birds differ from mammalian red blood cells because:

• they are white and have nuclei

• they do not have nuclei

• they have nuclei

• they fight disease

The heart’s internal pacemaker beats by:

• an internal implant that sends an electrical impulse through the heart

• the excitation of cardiac muscle cells at the sinoatrial node followed by the atrioventricular node

• the excitation of cardiac muscle cells at the atrioventricular node followed by the sinoatrial node

• the action of the sinus

During the systolic phase of the cardiac cycle, the heart is ________.

• contracting

• relaxing

• contracting and relaxing

• filling with blood

How do arteries differ from veins?

• Arteries have thicker smooth muscle layers to accommodate the changes in pressure from the heart.

• Arteries carry blood.

• Arteries have thinner smooth muscle layers and valves and move blood by the action of skeletal muscle.

• Arteries are thin walled and are used for gas exchange.