Quiz about Immunology Exam 3

Question 1

B lymphocytes are made in the:

Accepted Answer

bone marrow

Answer

blood stream

Answer

liver

Answer

thymus

Question 2

MHC class I molecules are heterodimers consisting of _____.

Accepted Answer

a chain and B2-microglobulin

Answer

a chain and B chain

Answer

heavy chain and light chain

Answer

all of the above

Answer

none of the above

Question 3

Which of the following is true for the structures of the MHC class II molecules?

Accepted Answer

its peptide binding groove is formed by a1/B1

Answer

its peptide binding groove is closed at both ends

Answer

the general size of its bound peptides is 8-9 amino acids

Answer

all of the above

Answer

none of the above

Question 4

This type of cell will leave the bone marrow and complete maturation in the spleen

Accepted Answer

immature B cell

Answer

hematopoietic stem cell

Answer

pro-B cell

Answer

pro-T cell

Question 5

Which of the following is true regarding B-cell development?

Accepted Answer

all of the above

Answer

B cells complete maturation in the spleen

Answer

B cells are mostly developed when they leave the bone marrow

Answer

self reactive B cells may be eliminated through apoptosis

Answer

self reactive B cells may be rendered unreactive (anergic)

Question 6

V-DJ recombination occurs during which phase of B cell development?

Accepted Answer

pre B cell

Answer

activated B cell

Answer

mature B cell

Answer

naive B cell

Answer

immature B cell

Question 7

The developmental stages of B cells in the bone marrow are defined by:

Accepted Answer

all of the above

Answer

changes in cell surface markers

Answer

changes in gene expression

Answer

BCR gene rearrangements

Answer

none of the above

Question 8

What could occur to the immature B cells in the bone marrow if they are found to have self reactive BCRs?

Accepted Answer

all of the above

Answer

clonal deletion

Answer

light chain receptor editing

Answer

development of anergy

Answer

none of the above

Question 9

What type of immunoglobulin gene rearrangement occurs during B cell progenitor development?

Accepted Answer

DH-JH rearrangement

Answer

DL-JL rearrangement

Answer

both heavy and light chain rearrangement

Answer

VH-DJH rearrangement

Answer

VL-DJL rearrangement

Question 10

Superantigens:

Accepted Answer

bind to MHC class II outside the peptide binding groove

Answer

are harmless

Answer

bind to MHC class I outside the peptide binding groove

Answer

activate CD8+ T cells

Answer

are processed

Question 11

At what stage of development does a B cell begin to express a pre-B cell receptor?

Accepted Answer

pre-B-cell

Answer

pre-pro-B-cell

Answer

pro-B-cell

Answer

immature B cell

Question 12

At what stage of development does a B cell undergo DH-JH rearrangement?

Accepted Answer

pro-B-cell

Answer

pre-pro-B-cell

Answer

pre-B-cell

Answer

immature B cell

Question 13

At what stage of development does a B cell begin to display an IgM receptor?

Accepted Answer

immature B cell

Answer

pre-pro-B-cell

Answer

pro-B-cell

Answer

pre-B-cell

Question 14

The following are MHC class II molecules EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

HLA-C

Answer

HLA-DR

Answer

HLA-DP

Answer

HLA-DQ

Question 15

Of the cells listed below, which one represents the most developed B-cell?

Accepted Answer

memory B cell

Answer

immature B-cell

Answer

pro-B-cell

Answer

pre-B-cell

Question 16

Mature naive B cells express high levels of ____ on their cell surfaces.

Accepted Answer

IgD

Answer

IgA

Answer

IgE

Answer

IgG

Answer

all of the above

Question 17

The human MHC gene locus is located on chromosome

Accepted Answer

6

Answer

7

Answer

14

Answer

17

Question 18

The first immunoglobulin isotype produced during the course of a primary immune response contains which of the following heavy chains?

Accepted Answer

u

Answer

y

Answer

k

Answer

d

Answer

all of the above

Question 19

MHC molecules containing beta-2 microglobulin:

Accepted Answer

are determined by MHC-A, MHC-B and MHC-C genes

Answer

contain alpha and beta transmembrane polypeptides

Answer

participate in the activation of CD4+ T cells

Answer

are determined by MHC-DR genes

Question 20

AID converts cytosine into which of the following?

Accepted Answer

uracil

Answer

adenine

Answer

thymine

Answer

guanine

Answer

none of the above

Question 21

Through which of the following ways do B cells acquire/interact with antigen in the lymph nodes and spleen?

Accepted Answer

all of the above

Answer

soluble antigen acquired from lymphatic circulation by dendritic cells

Answer

free antigen transported to lymph node via lymphatic vessels

Answer

follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) concentrate antigen for selection and differentiation

Answer

none of the above

Question 22

The function of somatic hypermutation is best described by which of the following statements?

Accepted Answer

increasing the affinity of immunoglobulins for their antigen

Answer

increasing junctional diversity in IgH and IgL V regions

Answer

irreversibly changing the isotype of immunoglobulin

Answer

promoting alternative splicing of an immunoglobulin heavy chain transcript to produce different isotypes on the B-cell surface

Answer

all of the above

Question 23

Which of the following antigen types could be characterized as T-independent antigens?

Accepted Answer

both bacterial cell wall components and capsular polysaccharides

Answer

soluble proteins

Answer

bacterial cell wall components

Answer

capsular polysaccharides

Answer

both bacterial cell wall components and soluble proteins

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT true of T-independent antigens?

Accepted Answer

they are rarely carbohydrates

Answer

they are rarely proteins

Answer

they may contain PAMPs

Answer

they may be heavily polymerized

Question 25

MHC molecules _____.

Accepted Answer

are recognized by T-cells

Answer

are secreted by T cells and bind and neutralize antigen in the serum

Answer

are membrane-bound molecules found exclusively on T cells

Answer

are conserved between individuals

Question 26

MHC polymorphisms tend to cluster ______.

Accepted Answer

in the peptide binding groove

Answer

in the transmembrane domain

Answer

in the co-receptor contact residues

Answer

in the framework region

Question 27

Of the classical MHC genes, which are least related to antigen presentation?

Accepted Answer

MHC III genes

Answer

MHC I genes

Answer

MHC II genes

Answer

both MHC I and II genes

Question 28

Which cell type would be most likely NOT to express detectable MHC I?

Accepted Answer

erythrocytes

Answer

dendritic cells

Answer

macrophages

Answer

intestinal epithelial cells

Question 29

Of the cells listed below, which is least likely to be presenting antigens by MHC II during an immune response to an extracellular pathogen?

Accepted Answer

intestinal epithelial cells

Answer

dendritic cells

Answer

macrophages

Answer

B cells

Question 30

How many different MHC classical class I proteins does each nucleated cell in a human heterozygous at the MHC locus potentially express?

Accepted Answer

six

Answer

none

Answer

one

Answer

two

Answer

three

Question 31

Which of the following would be the most likely source of a peptide bound to an MHC class I molecule?

Accepted Answer

the cytoplasm

Answer

the chloroplast

Answer

outside the cell

Answer

the endosome/lysosome

Question 32

Peptide binding diversity is increased by:

Accepted Answer

all of the above

Answer

multiple MHC alleles in the population, only

Answer

multiple homologous MHC genes in the genome, only

Answer

none of the above

Question 33

The human MHC locus is one of the most polymorphic regions of the genome. What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

there are many different alleles of these genes

Answer

it has the most different genes

Answer

sequence variability is low in this region

Answer

this region is regulated by many different mechanisms

Question 34

Which of the following cell types would be least likely to express MHC class II?

Accepted Answer

T cells

Answer

B cells

Answer

dendritic cells

Answer

thymic epithelial cells

Answer

macrophages

Question 35

Which of the following cell types would be most likely to express MHC class I?

Accepted Answer

all of the above

Answer

B cells

Answer

T cells

Answer

dendritic cells

Answer

lung epithelial cells

Question 36

Which of the following is the correct order of the class I processing pathway?

Accepted Answer

proteins are digested by the proteasome > peptides are imported into the ER by TAP > peptides are loaded onto MHC class I > class I is exported to the cell surface

Answer

peptides exported from the ER by TAP > peptides are digested by the proteasome > peptides are loaded onto class I > class I is exported to the cell surface

Answer

MHC class I moves from the cell surface to the lysosome by endocytosis > class I bound peptides are replaced with antigenic peptides in the lysosome > class I returns to the cell surface

Answer

proteins are degraded by TAP > peptides are imported into the lysosome by the proteasome > peptide-MHC class I complexes are exported to the cell surface

Question 37

Which of the following molecules is needed for the mature class I MHC to be expressed at the cell surface?

Accepted Answer

TAP

Answer

TCR

Answer

RAG

Answer

CLIP

Question 38

What is the role of the invariant chain (Ii)?

Accepted Answer

all of the above

Answer

to prevent peptide binding to class II in the ER

Answer

to direct class II to the endocytic compartment

Answer

none of the above

Question 39

A patient unable to produce mature B cells may have a mutation in:

Accepted Answer

Btk

Answer

AID

Answer

Bcl-6

Answer

ITAMs

Question 40

Which of the following is an example of cross presentation?

Accepted Answer

an exogenous peptide being presented on MHC class I

Answer

an endogenous peptide being presented on MHC class I

Answer

an endogenous peptide being presented on MHC class II

Answer

an exogenous peptide being presented on MHC class II

Question 41

The term "major histocompatibility complex" is synonymous with:

Accepted Answer

human leukocyte antigen

Answer

allele

Answer

chromosome

Answer

haplotype

Question 42

Which of the following is the first event of BCR gene rearrangement during B cell development in bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

DH-JH recombination of heavy chain

Answer

VH to DHJH recombination of heavy chain

Answer

V to J recombination of Kappa light chain

Answer

V to J recombination of Lambda light chain

Question 43

Allelic exclusion occurs during VH to DHJH recombination in ______. As a result, an intact u chain from only one chromosome will be synthesized.

Accepted Answer

pre B cells

Answer

pro B cells

Answer

pre pro B cells

Answer

common lymphoid progenitor cells

Question 44

Pre-B cell receptors consist of _____.

Accepted Answer

heavy chain and VpreB and y5

Answer

heavy and light chain

Answer

a chain and B chain

Answer

heavy chain and J chain

Question 45

Which of the following is true about B-1 cells?

Accepted Answer

all of the above

Answer

produce IgM antibodies which are polyspecific

Answer

express CD5

Answer

their antibodies could be responsible for autoimmune diseases

Answer

considered part of the first line of defense against systemic viral/bacterial infections

Question 46

Endogenous peptides binding to MHC-A, MHC-B or MHC-C molecules on the surface of hepatocytes are critical for the response by:

Accepted Answer

cytotoxic T cells

Answer

B cells

Answer

helper T cells

Answer

macrophages

Question 47

Somatic hypermutation (SHM)/affinity selection of T-dependent B cell responses ______.

Accepted Answer

all of the above

Answer

occurs in the germinal center after antigen contact

Answer

produces individual point mutation in Ig heavy and light chain arrangements

Answer

is mediated by the enzyme Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase (AID)

Answer

none of the above

Question 48

Which of the following is true regarding the structure of the MHC class I molecule?

Accepted Answer

the general size of its bound peptides is 8-9 amino acids

Answer

its peptide-binding groove is formed by a1/B1

Answer

its peptide binding groove is open at both ends

Answer

all of the above

Answer

none of the above

Question 49

Which of the following is true for the function of class II MHC molecules?

Accepted Answer

the peptide bound to class II MHC is usually derived from exogenous extracellular processed antigens

Answer

class II MHCs present antigen peptides to CD8+ T cells

Answer

both A and B

Answer

neither A or B

Question 50

If a mother is MHC A3A14/B5B15/Cw3Cw4 and her child is A3A9/B5B27/Cw4Cw7, which of the following men is the most likely candidate for the father?

Accepted Answer

A5A9/B5B27/Cw3Cw7

Answer

A9A11/B15B21/Cw1Cw4

Answer

A4A15/B2B27/Cw1Cw5

Answer

A5A9/B17B27/Cw3Cw5

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