The Renaissance & Reformation

A major reason the Renaissance began in the Italian city-states was their

• military success against the Seljuk Turks

• access to goods from the Americas

• location on the Mediterranean Sea

• dependence on the teachings of the Catholic Church

One factor that enabled the Renaissance to flourish in Northern Italy was that the region had

• a wealthy class that invested in the arts

• a socialist form of government

• limited contact with the Byzantine Empire

• a shrinking middle class

The Renaissance in western Europe was a period noted for

• armed conflict over control of the Holy Land

• the rise of feudalism in the Mediterranean region

• the mass movement of peoples from urban to rural areas

• a shift from a spiritual focus to a more humanistic one

During the Renaissance, the role of the individual as well as the study of Latin and Greek classics, moral philosophy, and history were closely associated with

• national self-determination

• predestination

• monasticism

• humanism

The influence of Greek and Roman culture on some Renaissance art is reflected in

• a realistic portrayal of the human body

• challenges made to ancient religious ideals

• the impact of William Shakespeare’s writing in southern Europe

• competition promoted between northern and southern European artists

Pax Romana, the Golden Age of Islam, and the Renaissance were all periods of

• cultural isolationism

• censorship and regulation

• advancements in arts and in knowledge

• decreasing influence of religion on cultural practices

The number of people who could read and write increased with the

• writing of Hammurabi's Code

• invention of Gutenberg's press and movable type

• birth of Jesus and beginning of Christianity

• explorations of Marco Polo

Which best reflects humanism during the Italian Renaissance?

• Conditions in prisons, asylums and orphanages were improved.

• Arts and literature of ancient Greece and Rome were destroyed.

• Interest in the religious writings of medieval monks increased.

• Individualism and a questioning attitude were encouraged.

The Golden Age of Greece and the Renaissance in Europe were both characterized mainly by

• religious revival

• social reform and political upheaval

• economic decline

• artistic and literary achievements

What was one cause of the Protestant Reformation?

• revolt by the Moors in Spain

• passage of the Act of Supremacy in England

• call for the Council of Trent by Pope Paul III

• corruption among high officials of the Catholic Church