Biochemistry Higher Level

What is the Michaelis-Menten equation used to describe?

• Density of water

• Rate of photosynthesis

• Rate of enzymatic reactions

• Speed of light

Which metabolic pathway involves the breakdown of glucose to produce ATP and NADH?

• Krebs cycle

• Calvin cycle

• Electron transport chain

• Glycolysis

What level of protein structure is characterized by the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain?

• Quaternary structure

• Secondary structure

• Tertiary structure

• Primary structure

What is the primary function of DNA polymerase in nucleic acid replication?

• Facilitating protein synthesis in the cell

• Breaking down DNA strands into nucleotides

• Regulating gene expression

• Synthesizing new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand

What biochemical technique is commonly used to separate and analyze proteins based on size and charge?

• Western blotting

• Polymerase chain reaction

• DNA sequencing

• Gel electrophoresis

Which molecule acts as a second messenger in cell signaling pathways?

• cyclic AMP (cAMP)

• cyclic ADP

• cyclic UDP

• cyclic GMP

What is the turnover number of an enzyme?

• The turnover number of an enzyme is the total number of enzymes in a reaction.

• The turnover number of an enzyme is the number of substrate molecules converted into product by one enzyme molecule in a unit time when the enzyme is fully saturated with substrate.

• The turnover number of an enzyme is the rate at which the enzyme binds to the substrate.

• The turnover number of an enzyme is the number of active sites on the enzyme.

In glycolysis, what is the net ATP production per glucose molecule?

• 3 ATP

• 2 ATP

• 4 ATP

• 5 ATP

What type of bond holds together the complementary base pairs in a DNA double helix?

• Van der Waals forces

• Covalent bonds

• Ionic bonds

• Hydrogen bonds

What is the role of G-proteins in cell signaling?

• G-proteins are only found in plant cells.

• G-proteins transmit signals from cell surface receptors to intracellular signaling pathways.

• G-proteins are involved in energy production within the cell.

• G-proteins inhibit cell signaling pathways.