Unit 8 CBA Review

The Sun is the center of our solar system and creates a large amount of gravitational force. If this system lost the Sun, what would happen to the planets?

• The planets would explode.

• The planets would stop moving.

• The planets would travel a different path.

• The planets would continue on their same path.

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The Moon travels in an elliptical orbit that is nearly circular around the Earth. This pattern has occurred for millions of years.

Which of the following best explains the cause of the Moon's motion?

• The Moon is acted upon by balanced forces, so the orbit maintains the same nearly circular shape.

• The gravitational forces that the Sun and the Earth on the Moon are equal, causing the Moon to maintain its orbit.

• The Moon is constantly affected by the unbalanced force of the Earth’s gravity which causes it to continue to orbit the Earth.

• There was a gravitational force millions of years ago that pulled the Moon in an elliptical direction and the Moon has not since been acted upon by a force.

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Many objects within our solar system remain in constant motion and maintain predictable orbital patterns. What force governs the motion and patterns of objects in our solar system?

• The force of gravity keeps the Sun, asteroids, and comets orbiting in an elliptical pattern around the Earth.

• The force of gravity keeps planets, asteroids, and comets orbiting in an elliptical pattern around the Sun.

• The equal and opposite force between the Sun and the Earth keeps the comets and asteroids orbiting in an elliptical pattern.

• The Sun moves in an elliptical pattern and the planets, comets, and asteroids follow the gravity of the Sun in an elliptical pattern.

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What force keeps the planets in their continuous orbits around the Sun?

• Rotation

• Gravity

• Revolution

• Magnetism

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Depending on the size, mass, and density of an object, the gravitational force it exerts varies.

Which statement typically demonstrates the relationship between the mass of a celestial body and its gravitational pull?

• Mercury has the least mass of the planets in the solar system, so it has the greatest gravitational pull.

• Venus has less mass than Earth, so Earth has a lesser gravitational pull.

• Jupiter has the greatest mass of the planets in the solar system, so it has the greatest gravitational pull.

• The mass of a celestial body is not related to its gravitational pull on other bodies.

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Gravity is the force that keeps the planets in orbit around the ​ (a)   and keeps the ​ (b)   in orbit around Earth. The gravitational pull of the ​ (c)   causes ocean tides. On Earth, ​ (d)   causes an object to fall to the ground. ​ ​

• sun
• moon
• gravity

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According to the Mass of Planets table shown, which planet has the greatest gravitational force?

• Jupiter

• Venus

• Mercury

• Earth

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An image of the Earth-Moon-Sun system is shown. The moon remains in orbit around Earth because of the force of --

• Earth's rotation

• the moon's rotation

• Earth's gravity

• the sun's gravity

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A student makes a model of the Sun-Earth system by swinging a ball around her head. Using this model, the student is trying to explain how Earth stays on a path around the sun.

The student explains that this path is the result of --

• the magnetic attraction between Earth and the sun

• potential energy stored in Earth that originated in the sun

• the gravitational attraction between the sun and the Earth

• electromagnetic energy from the sun pulling on Earth

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Gravity is the force that governs the motion of our solar system. The planets travel in a curved path.

Why do the planets move in a curved path rather than a straight line?

• The gravitational attraction between the Sun and planets determines the curved motion.

• The gravitational attraction between the Sun and Moon determines the curved motion.

• The shape of the planets determines the curved motion.

• The shape of the Sun determines the curved motion.

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