MODULE 15 P2

According to Bandura, how is the observer reinforced by the model?

• The observer is reinforced by the model directly

• The observer is reinforced by a pet

• The observer is reinforced by a third person

• The observer is reinforced by a fictional character

What is an example of vicarious reinforcement mentioned in the text?

• A student observing a classmate doing extra work and finding it fun

• A student imitating a model's behavior without any reinforcement

• A student being praised for not following the model's actions

• A student hitting an inflated clown doll without any consequences

What is the distinction made by Bandura between learning through observation and actual imitation?

• Actual imitation does not involve cognitive processing

• Learning through observation does not require reinforcement

• Learning through observation is always followed by imitation

• Actual imitation is more effective than learning through observation

What is a critical factor in learning according to social learning theorists?

• Attention

• Repetition

• Punishment

• Competition

What is the concept of reciprocal causation proposed by Bandura?

• Only the environment can influence behavior

• The environment has no impact on behavior

• Behavior can influence both the environment and the person

• Only the person can influence the environment

What are the different types of models mentioned in the text?

• Live model and virtual model

• Symbolic model and abstract model

• Abstract model and virtual model

• Live model and symbolic model

What is the role of cognitive processing in learning according to social learning theory?

• Expectation is the key factor in learning

• Cognitive processing is not important in learning

• Attention is a critical factor in learning

• Reinforcement is the only factor in learning

How do people form expectations about future behaviors according to Bandura?

• Through ignoring the consequences of actions

• Through reinforcement and punishment experiences

• Through random guessing

• Through imitation of others