Evid-Based Nutri/Practice Observational ResearchL4.4

The consistency of a measure.

• Validity

• Reliability

The assessment of whether a tool is measuring what it is supposed to measure.

• Validity

• Reliability

A sample of people under study is not representative of the larger population that scientists are looking to make inferences about.

• Selection Bias

• Retrospective

Describes a study that looks backward in time.

• Recall Bias

• Retrospective

The inability to accurately remember past behaviors.

• Recall Bias

• Retrospective

Case Studies

• • Primary limitation - may not be

  generalizable to larger populations

• • Track a single person or group of people

  over time

• • Discuss characteristics of or events that

  occur to a single person or group

• Looks at events that happened in the past

  and uses it to make inferences about

  other times, including the future

Surveys/limitations

• • Potential issues with the reliability,

  validity, or how wording of questions

  can influence people’s answers

• • They collect self-reported data, and

  can be subject to bias

• Questionnaires or interviews administered

  to samples of people

Historical Research

• • They collect self-reported data, and

  can be subject to bias

• Looks at events that happened in the past

  and uses it to make inferences about

  other times, including the future

Historical Research/Limitations: choose all that apply.

• May be subject to the biases of the researchers involved

• • Information from the past may be incomplete or inaccessible

• may not be

  generalizable to larger populations

• Looks at events that happened in the past

  and uses it to make inferences about

  other times, including the future

Descriptive Research: choose all that apply.

• Describes individuals or populations

• Case Studies

• Surveys

• Historical Research

• Background Information