BIO 111- Chromosome Theory

Which of the following describes the Central Dogma of Biology?

• DNA -> mRNA -> Protein

• DNA -> Protein -> mRNA

• mRNA -> DNA -> Protein

• mRNA -> Protein -> DNA

A ____ contains a well-defined nucleus.

• Eukaryote

• Prokaryote

• Mitochondria

• Golgi

What is DNA that codes for a final physical product?

• Structural Sequences

• Proteins

• Regulatory Sequences

• Genes

Answer explanation

Structural sequences determine what amino acids to put together to create a protein and they determine what nucleotides to bond together to make RNA.

Explain what an allele is....

Answer explanation

Alleles are versions of the same chromosome, but they carry a different allele for a gene. They essentially encode for a different phenotype.

Which of the following is a complex of DNA and histone proteins?

• Chromosomes

• Chromatin

• Nucleosome

• Nucleoid

Answer explanation

Chromosomes- threadlike structures containting tightly wound and packed chromatin

Nucleosome- histone octamer with 146bp DNA wrapped around it

Nucleoid- where prokaryotes store genetic information

____ is the number of each type of chromosome present in a cell, represented as n.

Are these homologous or non-homologous chromosomes?

True or False:

Homologous chromosomes are different versions of the same unique chromosome

• True

• False

What is the diploid number of chromosomes humans have?