Unit 4 Study Guide Part 2

The fires of California, 2025, ravaged the ecosystem, causing a significant decline in biodiversity. What plant life would you expect to find in 2075?

• grasses and perennials

• bare rock

• mature oak and hickory forest

• grasses, shrubs, pines, young oak and hickory

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Organisms living in a forest ecosystem rely on sunlight as an energy source to break down chemical bonds and rearrange them. What substances would NOT be created if sunlight were blocked by a volcanic eruption?

• Glucose

• Carbon Dioxide

• Water

• Oxygen

• ATP

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

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Identify the correct phenotypic probabilities of the offspring. Select 3

• 50% white

• 50% erminette

• 50% black

• 0% black

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Which of the following organisms would be the tertiary consumer?

• Grass, because it gets energy from the sun

• Bees, because they only consume grass and trees, which are producers

• Snake, because it consumes birds who consumes primary producers

• Hawk because no-one else consumes it

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A student places a dialysis tubing bag containing water and starch INTO a cup filled with only water, as shown in the diagram.

Which model would the student most likely observe after one hour, and why?

• Model 1, because starch diffuses out of the bag and increases the size of the bag.

• Model 2, because water moves by osmosis to where the solute concentration is highest

• Model 1, because water moves by osmosis to where the solute concentration is highest

• Model 1, because starch moves through the membrane by active transport.

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Which of the following is an effect of the combustion of fossil fuels? Select Two.

• Increase in oxygen

• Decrease in carbon dioxide

• Increase in carbon dioxide

• Climate Change

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Which of the following is NOT an example of an energy transfer in this food web?

• GRASS -> RABBIT -> HAWK

• GRASS -> MOUSE -> OWL -> SNAKE

• GRASSHOPPER -> BIRD -> SNAKE -> HAWK

• GRASS -> MOUSE -> FOX

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Which of the following would be true about the progression of ecological succession?

• Annual plants have a shorter life cycle and help to soften up the soil for bigger perennial plants and grasses root systems to grow.

• Annual plants have deeper roots compared to perennials, so they can grow and complete their life cycle before perennials and grasses take over.

• Shrubs require more sunlight than perennials, so they can grow and complete their life cycle before perennials and grasses take over.

• Annual plants have a longer life cycle compared to perennials, so they can grow and complete their life cycle before perennials and grasses take over.

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The diagram shows two types of bacteria (pink and green) growing on the same agar plate over time. By Day 28, only the green bacteria remain.

Which of the following best explains the results shown in the diagram?

• The green bacteria and pink bacteria both reached their carrying capacity

• Both bacteria thrived and survived in the small agar plate.

• Green bacteria outcompeted the pink bacteria

• They both survived but only green eventually reached its carrying capacity

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What changes would occur if an herbivore migrated INTO this ecosystem? Select Two.

• Frogs will increase due to more prey types.

• 
  Greenfly, Grasshoppers, and Butterflies will decrease due to more competition

• Frogs will decrease due to more predators

• No change will occur

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