Meaney et al (1988)

What was the aim of the study conducted by Meaney and his team?

• To study the impact of grooming on rats

• To determine the effect of glucocorticoids on memory

• To investigate the correlation between acetylcholine and Alzheimer's

• To analyze the role of cortisol in stress response

How many minutes were the newborn rats removed from their mother?

• 10 minutes

• 12 minutes

• 15 minutes

• 20 minutes

What was the condition of the rats in the treatment group?

• Left with their mothers without any intervention

• Handled daily by researchers for three weeks

• Exposed to loud noises for extended periods

• Placed in a pool of milky water

What was the role of the control group in the study?

• To serve as a comparison to the treatment group

• To receive the same grooming as the treatment group

• To be isolated from other rats

• To be exposed to high levels of stress hormones

How old were the rats used to test the effect of these stress hormones over their lifetime?

• 6 months

• 12 months

• 18 months

• 24 months

What did the researchers observe in the rats groomed by the researchers?

• Less circuitous route to the platform in old age

• More pronounced spatial memory deficits

• Accelerated hippocampal neuron loss

• Increased exposure to adrenal glucocorticoids

What was the IV in the experiment?

• The time taken to find the platform

• The handling (or not) of the baby rats

• The tracking of the rats in the milky water

• The difference in the age of the rats

What was the DV in the experiment?

• The time taken to find the platform

• The handling (or not) of the baby rats

• The route the rats took to find the platform

• The difference in the age of the rats

What is the term used to describe the process where grooming activates genes responsible for stress response?

• Epigenetics

• Neuroplasticity

• Homeostasis

• Apoptosis

What happens when cells in the hippocampus detect cortisol?

• A message is sent to the hypothalamus to shut down the Fight or Flight response

• Neurons admit more calcium through channels in their membrane

• Cortisol binds to glucocorticoid receptor sites

• Hippocampal cell death occurs