Mastery of Science

What is the function of the mitochondria in a cell?

• The function of the mitochondria in a cell is to store genetic information

• The function of the mitochondria in a cell is to regulate cell division

• The function of the mitochondria in a cell is to produce carbohydrates

• The function of the mitochondria in a cell is to produce energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration.

What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to form water?

• H2 + O2 -> H2O

• 2H2 + 2O2 -> 2H2O

• H2O -> H2 + O2

• 2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

• Genotype is the genetic makeup, while phenotype is the physical characteristics and traits.

• Genotype and phenotype are the same thing

• Genotype refers to physical characteristics, while phenotype refers to genetic makeup

• Genotype is only relevant for plants, while phenotype is only relevant for animals

Explain the concept of carrying capacity in an ecosystem.

• The carrying capacity in an ecosystem is the maximum population size of a species that the environment can sustain indefinitely.

• Carrying capacity is a fixed number and cannot change over time.

• Carrying capacity only applies to large animals and not to smaller organisms.

• The carrying capacity in an ecosystem is the minimum population size of a species that the environment can sustain indefinitely.

State Newton's first law of motion.

• An object at rest will start moving on its own

• An object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

• An object in motion will change direction without any external force

• An object in motion will slow down and eventually stop on its own

What are the major greenhouse gases and their sources?

• Sulfur dioxide from volcanic eruptions

• The major greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and fluorinated gases. Their sources include burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, agriculture, and industrial processes.

• Water vapor from oceans and lakes

• Carbon monoxide from vehicle emissions

What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

• The function of the nucleus is to store the cell's DNA and coordinate cell activities.

• The function of the nucleus is to produce energy for the cell

• The function of the nucleus is to transport nutrients within the cell

• The function of the nucleus is to regulate the cell's temperature

What is the law of conservation of mass?

• Mass cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. It can only change forms.

• Mass can be created in a chemical reaction

• Mass can be destroyed in a chemical reaction

• Mass can only change forms in a physical reaction

What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

• Dominant alleles are always expressed in the phenotype, while recessive alleles are only expressed if there are no dominant alleles present.

• Dominant alleles are only expressed if there are no recessive alleles present

• Recessive alleles are always expressed in the phenotype

• Dominant alleles are always masked by recessive alleles

Explain the concept of food chains and food webs in an ecosystem.

• Food chains and food webs are used to transport water in an ecosystem

• Food chains and food webs are only found in aquatic ecosystems

• Food chains and food webs illustrate the flow of energy and nutrients in an ecosystem, with food chains showing linear transfer of energy and food webs showing interconnected networks of food chains.

• Food chains and food webs have no impact on the balance of an ecosystem