Evolutionary Embryology Quiz

According to Charles Darwin, what does community of embryonic structure reveal?

• Community of diet

• Community of descent

• Community of behavior

• Community of habitat

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What did J. V. Thompson demonstrate about larval barnacles and larval crabs?

• They are related to molluscs

• They are completely different

• They are related to arthropods

• They are almost identical

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What did Darwin observe in embryonic organisms that showed their relatedness to other animals?

• Teeth in embryonic baleen whales

• Pelvic rudiments in embryonic snakes

• All of the above

• Eyes in embryonic moles

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What is the difference between homologous and analogous structures?

• Homologous structures have similar function, analogous structures have similar origin

• Homologous structures have similar origin, analogous structures have similar function

• Homologous structures are found in plants, analogous structures are found in animals

• Homologous structures are found in animals, analogous structures are found in plants

What is the homologous structure of the bird wing in mammals?

• The middle ear

• The gill arches

• The jaw

• The forelimb

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What did the hyomandibular bone of the first amphibians evolve into?

• The articular bone of the lower jaw

• The quadrate bone of the upper jaw

• The stapes bone of the middle ear

• The jaw apparatus

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What did the quadrate bone of the reptilian upper jaw evolve into in mammals?

• The malleus bone of the middle ear

• The hyomandibular bone of the first amphibians

• The stapes bone of the middle ear

• The incus bone of the middle ear

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What did Reichert observe in the pig embryo regarding the jawbone and the middle ear?

• The posterior region of Meckel's cartilage ossifies and becomes the malleus

• All of the above

• The jawbone ossifies on the side of Meckel's cartilage

• The jawbone detaches from the rest of the cartilage

According to Weismann, what must larvae have in order to survive?

• Adaptations that develop late in the embryo

• Adaptations that allow them to survive in their environment

• All of the above

• Adaptations that depart from the type

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What does the viceroy butterfly larva resemble in order to escape detection?

• The monarch butterfly larva

• Bird droppings

• The adult viceroy butterfly

• The environment around it

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