esc1000 exam 1 study

Which processes contribute to the transformation of sediment into clastic sedimentary rock?

• Melting and solidification

• Heat and pressure

• Evaporation and crystallization

• Compaction and cementation

Silicate minerals are characterized by the presence of...

• Iron and imagnesium

• Caroon and nitrogen

• Oxygen and sulfur

• Silicon and oxygen

Metamorphism is defined as:

• The alteration of existing rock by heat and pressure

• The transformation of sediment into sedimentary rock

• The cooling and solidification of molten rock

• The breakdown of rocks by chemical reactions

Where does the heat come from that causes magma to rise in the mantle, and thereby, plate tectonics at the surface?

• Sun's solar flares

• Earth's magnetic field

• Earth's radioactive core

• Sun's magnetic field

Which of the following properties would make a lava more viscous?

• Hot temperature

• Low silica content

• Cold temperature

• Low dissolved gas content

How does the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens compare to the most recent eruption of Kilauea, which began in 1983?

• Mount St. Helens had a more explosive eruption compared to Kilauea.

• Both eruptions were relatively quiescent with minimal explosive activity.

• Both eruptions had similar explosive characteristics.

• Kilauea had a more explosive eruption compared to Mount St. Helens.

The three types of convergent plate boundaries are:

• Divergent, transform, and subduction

• Folding, faulting, and uplift

• Oceanic-oceanic, oceanic-continental, and continental-continental

• Rift valleys transform faults, and mid-ocean ridges

Which subatomic particle carries a positive electrical charge?

• Electron

• Protons

• Neutrons

• Nucleus

Which type of bond results from the sharing of electrons between atoms?

• Ionic Bond

• Covalent bond

• Metallic bond

The primary difference between silicate and nonsilicate minerals is:

• Their chemical composition

• Their density

• Their transparency

• Their color