Enlightenment Revolutions

Which of the following was a characteristic of humanism?

• loyalty to church doctrines

• infusion of realism in art

• criticism of Greek and Roman classics

• emphasis on individual achievement

In what two (2) ways did patrons support the Renaissance movement in Italy?

• They created innovative methods of painting.

• They opposed the church and its orthodox ideas.

• They encouraged the spread of arts and education.

• They developed complex architectural techniques.

• They provided financial support to artists.

The painting School of Athens by Raphael uses the linear perspective technique. What characteristic does the painting contain?

• Some objects in the painting appear to be close, while others seem to be far away.

• The painting experiments with numerous innovative light forms and color schemes.

• The painting presents a flat and one-dimensional picture to observers.

• Some objects of the painting appear to be realistic, while others seem artificial.

How did the invention of the Gutenberg press affect the Renaissance?

• Printed books became shorter in length and easier to read.

• Printed books were more available and more affordable.

• More people were able to see printed pictures of Renaissance art.

• More people were able to learn to read in classical languages.

How were the Italian Renaissance and the Northern Renaissance similar?

• Both movements rejected Greco-Roman ideas.

• Both movements were known for producing massive frescoes.

• Both movements spread throughout Europe in the 1300s.

• Both movements were influenced by humanist ideas.

What was one of the reasons for the rapid spread of the Reformation in Europe?

• Martin Luther and other reformers traveled widely and spoke about their ideas at various locations in Europe.

• Reformers living in different places took charge of individual European countries and preached the need for reformation.

• The printing press was used to reproduce the writings of the reformers quickly and in large numbers for distribution across Europe.

• Peasants who traveled across Europe in search of work helped spread the ideas of the Reformation.

Which person criticized the Pope for selling indulgences to raise money to build St. Peter's Basilica in Rome?

• Martin Luther

• John Calvin

• Pope Leo X

• Charles V

Which of the following contributed to the rapid spread of the Reformation throughout Europe?

•  the support of the pope as head of the Catholic Church

• 
  a vast road system linking urban areas in Europe

• the invention of the printing press and improvements in literacy

• economic changes and the growth of towns following the Renaissance

John Calvin believed in the idea of (a)   meaning that God determined one’s salvation before birth

• predestination
• theocracy
• reincarnation
• indulgences

What did the following reformers do during the Reformation?

• John Calvin

• • started a religion similar to
    Lutheranism; beliefs included
    predestination

• Martin Luther

• • drafted the Ninety-Five Theses

• Henry VIII

• • established the Anglican Church