F.5 GCE Weathering

True or False: Weathering is the geological process in which earthen materials are worn away and transported by natural forces such as wind or water.

• True

• False

Answer explanation

This definition is for erosion.

Weathering is the decomposition and disintegration of rocks in situ.

​ (a)   weathering involves the breakdown of rocks and soils through the mechanical effects of heat, water, ice, or other agents. ​ (b)   weathering involves the chemical reaction of water, atmospheric gases, and biologically produced chemicals with rocks and soils.

• Physical
• Chemical

Which type of weathering involves the expansion and contraction of water as it regularly changes its state from liquid to solid?

• Exfoliation

• Hydration

• Salt crystallisation

• Freeze-thaw

Which type of weathering involves the breakdown of rocks by the chemical reaction between water and minerals? E.g. feldspar to clay

• Hydrolysis

• Pressure release (dilatation)

• Biological

• Carbonation solution

Which type of weathering involves the mechanical peeling of layers from a rock surface after an overlying layer has been removed, such as a glacier or an overlying rock?

• Hydration

• Exfoliation

• Pressure release (dilatation)

• Salt crystallisation

Which type of weathering involves the dissolution of calcium carbonate in rocks by acidic water?

• Hydrolysis

• Carbonation solution

• Salt crystallisation

• Biological

1. Which type of rock consists of calcium carbonate and is susceptible to carbonation-solution?

• Limestone

• Chalk

• Granite

• Basalt

Which type of weathering involves the physical or chemical breakdown of rocks by the action of living organisms?

• Freeze-thaw

• Biological

• Exfoliation

• Hydration

Peltier's diagram is used to analyze the type and intensity of weathering in different climatic regions based on which two factors?

• Temperature and humidity

• Precipitation and wind speed

• Solar radiation and cloud cover

• Temperature and precipitation

According to Peltier's Diagram, what is the type of weathering occurring when the average temperature is 0°C and the mean annual precipitation is 1000 mm?

• Weathering of any kind

• Mechanical (physical) weathering

• Chemical weathering

• Both chemical and physical weathering