Fagen et al.

1. What was the main aim of Fagen et al.'s study?

• To train elephants for trunk wash using SPR techniques

• To compare traditional and modern training techniques
  

• To study the social behaviour of elephants

• To test the intelligence of elephants

1. How many elephants were involved in the study?

• Three

• Four

• Five
  

• Six

1. What type of reinforcer was used in the SPR technique?

• Physical punishment

• Verbal commands

• A whistle blow

• Visual signals
  

1. Which of the following was NOT one of the basic behavioural tasks taught to the elephants?

• Trunk up
  

• Trunk down

• Bucket
  

• Blow

1. What was the primary reinforcer used in the training?

• Water

• Bananas

• Peanuts

• Fresh green grass

1. What was the role of the mahouts during the training sessions?

• Active training

• Providing security

• Observing and recording data

• They were not present

1. Which of the following best describes the training environment?

• A laboratory setting

• The elephants’ natural habitat

• A closed indoor facility

• A public zoo area
  

1. What method was used to introduce the syringe and sample fluid to the elephants?

• Punishment

• Desensitization and counterconditioning

• Forced interaction

• Ignoring the elephants’ reactions

1. What was a key finding of the study?

• All elephants rejected the training

• Four out of five elephants successfully learned the trunk wash

• Elephants prefer traditional training methods

• Only adult elephants could be trained

1. What aspect of the study could affect its generalisability?

• The use of positive reinforcement

• Limited sample size and diversity

• The involvement of mahouts

• The natural setting of the training